中国制造业技术外部性来源——基于地级市的多产业分析

Localization Versusurbanization?Agglomeration Economies in Manufacturing Industries:some Empirical Evidences from Multi-industries in Chinese Cities

产业增长技术外部性研究存在着地方化经济和城市化经济的争议。国内学者在中国制造业生产效率提高所依赖的技术外部性来源的争议研究上存在模型构建和对产业差异考虑不足的研究缺陷,本文以科布道格拉斯生产函数为基本模型构建生产函数,运用第二次经济普查的地级市二位数产业数据,对中国制造业不同产业生产效率技术外部性来源进行测度,探讨中国制造业不同产业外部经济来源。研究发现:(1)地方化经济机制对中国制造业产业普遍产生影响,资源密集型产业受到地方化经济的影响高于其他产业;(2)城市化经济对中国制造业大部分产业生产效率有正向的影响,但对11个产业产生负向影响;(3)轻工业受到城市化经济的影响更为明显与显著。

As two representation of the agglomeration economy,the localization economies and urbanization economies are always the important research issue of regional economics.Since Hoover brought up these two concepts,after the long time discussion of Marshall,Romer,Jacbocs and some other scholars,the theoretical frame of external economics has been built up.Since 1980 s,Glaeser,Henderson and many other scholars began to do the empirical research.Based on clarifying the theory background and the connotation of the concept,by reviewing the relevant literature,we identified the core issue of this research,which is the external economics mechanism of China manufacturing industry and industry differences,according to the domestic research blank of this issue.Using the national economy census data of 2008,we constructed the empirical model of external economic mechanism,we estimated it of the China manufacturing industry.As a result,we found that the 2-digit manufacturing industries generally affected by the localization economies and compared to the heavy industry,light industry affected by the urbanization economy more significantly.