内质网应激对哺乳动物卵母细胞成熟的影响研究进展

Progress on Roles of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Mammalian Oocyte Maturation

在卵母细胞成熟过程中以及胚胎着床前,具备特定功能的各类蛋白质必须在内质网(endoplasmic reticulum,ER)中完成折叠与修饰,这对于维持卵母细胞成熟和胚胎发育是至关重要的。然而,外界不良因素的刺激会破坏内质网功能,阻碍蛋白质合成,诱发ER应激和未折叠蛋白反应(unfolded protein response,UPR),适当的应激反应有利于细胞恢复功能。卵母细胞和早期胚胎对各类外源刺激高度敏感,多项研究表明ER应激和UPR信号影响卵母细胞成熟和胚胎着床前发育。论文总结了ER应激、UPR信号通路及其在哺乳动物卵母细胞成熟和胚胎着床前发育中的作用和机制的现状,以期为卵母细胞体外发育成熟及人类生殖临床提供借鉴。

During oocyte maturation and before embryo implantation,various types of proteins with specific functions must be folded and modified in the endoplasmic reticulum,which is crucial for maintaining oocyte maturation and embryonic development.However,the stimulation of external adverse factors will destroy the function of ER,hinder protein synthesis,induce endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response,and appropriate stress response is beneficial to cell recovery function.Oocytes and early embryos are highly sensitive to all kinds of exogenous stimuli.Many studies have shown that endoplasmic reticulum stress and UPR signal affect oocyte maturation and embryo preimplantation development.The paper summarized the status of ER stress,UPR signaling pathway and its role in mammalian oocyte maturation and preimplantation development,in order to provide reference for oocyte maturation and human reproduction clinic.