回顾与展望:新中国小学数学教科书70年发展之演进

Review and Prospect:Evolution of the 70 Years'Development of Mathematics Textbooks in Primary Schools in New China

从新中国不同时期的时代特征出发,数学教科书发展呈现出“借鉴与初创—尝试与初探—破坏与停滞—恢复与校正—深化与发展—拓展与创新”的曲折发展历程,形成了具有中国特色的规范化小学数学教科书体系。其发展特点与演进规律表现为:在理念上,逐渐重视以学生发展为中心;在体例上,由注重单一学科知识转向多学科知识;在内容上,逐渐重视数学与现实生活的联系;在形式上,逐渐注重灵活多样性。未来小学数学教科书呈现以下发展趋势:教科书应深层融入“以学生为本”的编写理念;注重学生的生活经验,加强数学与现实生活的联系性;注重数学学科与其他学科的整合性;注重呈现形式的多样化。

Based on the characteristics of the times in different periods of New China,the development of mathematics textbooks presents a tortuous development of reference and start-up,attempt and preliminary exploration,destruction and stagnation,recovery and correction,deepening and development,expansion and innovation,and forms a standardized primary school mathematics textbook system with Chinese characteristics.The characteristics of its development and law of evolution are as follows:in concept,students'development is gradually taken as the center;in style,single subject knowledge is turned to multi-subject knowledge;in content,the relationship between mathematics and real life is gradually taken into account;in form,the flexibility and diversitygradually is paid more attention to.The development trend of primary school mathematics textbooks in the future is as follows:the idea of"student-oriented"should be incorporated into textbooks,students'life experience should be stressed,the connection between mathematics and real life should be strengthened,the integration of mathematics and other disciplines should be paid attention and the diversification of forms should be presented.