黄山市白背黄花稔迁移特征和种群分布格局

Migration Characteristics and Population Distribution Pattern of Sida Rhombifolia in Huangshan City

目的:探究安徽黄山屯溪区境内新分布物种白背黄花稔(Sida rhombifolia)的扩散途径、分布状况,以评估其对本土植物生物多样性和生态安全的影响。方法:采用样方法对白背黄花稔进行群落调查,测度样本区域内植物区系、物种多样性、重要值、种间相关性和种群分布格局等相关指标。结果:群落种间相关性不显著,区系组成较简单,但地带性特征明显,且群落生境异质性高,并存在长期干扰,物种多样性较低;其中白背黄花稔重要值较高,为主要优势种,在群落中有较强的适应能力,与本土植物共存;白背黄花稔以集群分布为主,干扰会降低其集群性。结论:白背黄花稔通过人工载体扩散被偶然带入研究区域内;白背黄花稔对本土植物及物种多样性有一定影响,但尚未构成生物入侵,有待进一步监测,适度开发、利用、控制种群数量,并进行其种质资源的保护。

Objective:To explore the diffusion path and distribution of Sida rhombifolia(a new geographical distribution species)in Tunxi district of Huangshan city,Anhui province,and to assess the effects of the species on biodiversity and ecological security of local plants.Methods:The quadrat method were used to investigate Sida rhombifolia,to measure the flora,species diversity,important value,interspecific correlation and population distribution pattern.Results:In the community,the interspecific correlation was not significant,the floristic composition was simple,but the zonal characteristics were obvious.Sida rhombifolia was the main dominant species owing to high important value,having strong adaptability to coexist with native plants;However,species diversity of the community was low due to high habitat heterogeneity and long-term disturbance.Sida rhombifolia distributed mainly in clusters,however,the interference may reduce its clustering.Conclusion:Sida rhombifolia droped in the study area with artificial carrier diffusion,accidentally.The species had certain effects on local plants and biodiversity,but not biological invasion,that subject to be further monitored.Moreover,the germplasm resources of the population should be exploited,utilized,controlled and protected.