香合欢不同种源种子表型性状及生长差异分析

Analysis on Seed Phenotytic Traits and Growth Differences of Different Albizia odoratissima Provenances

研究不同种源香合欢(Albizia odoratissima)种子表型性状及苗期生长情况,了解种子性状的自然变异特点和地理变化规律,为香合欢选优策略的制定及在广西地区引种和遗传改良提供参考。以海南三亚、海南乐东、广西乐业、云南景洪和四川盐边5个种源的香合欢种子为研究对象,对其表型性状指标进行测定并开展育苗试验。结果表明,不同种源香合欢的种子表型性状及生长指标差异显著。最优的种子千粒重、种子长度、种子宽度、种子厚度、苗高和地径分别为云南景洪种源(60.70 g)、四川盐边种源(8.36 mm)、广西乐业种源(5.98 mm)、云南景洪种源(2.28 mm)、海南三亚种源(77.6 cm)和广西乐业种源(4.97 mm)。香合欢种子表型性状变异主要受经纬度和年均气温的影响,苗期性状变异主要受年均气温、纬度、海拔和年均日照时长的影响。初步筛选出云南景洪、海南三亚、广西乐业和海南乐东4个种源,适合在广西南宁地区育苗生产。

In order to provide reference for development of optimal selection strategy, introduction and genetic improvement of different Albizia odoratissima provenances in Guangxi, natural variation characteristics and geographical variation rules were analyzed by studying phenotypic traits of A. odoratissima seeds and seedling growth. Phenotypic traits of seeds from 5 different provenances(Hainan Sanya, Hainan Ledong, Guangxi Leye,Yunnan Jinghong, Sichuan Yanbian) were determined and seedling breeding experiment was carried out. Results showed that there were significant differences in seed phenotytic traits and growth indicators among different provenances. Optimal thousand-grain weight of seed, seed length, seed width, seed thickness, seedling height and ground diameter were Yunnan Jinghong provenance(60.70 g), Sichuan Yanbian provenance(8.36 mm), Guangxi Leye provenance(5.98 mm), Yunnan Jinghong provenance(2.28 mm), Hainan Sanya provenance(77.6 cm) and Guangxi Leye provenance(4.97 mm), respectively. Variation of seed phenotytic traits was mainly affected by longitude, latitude and annual average temperature. Variation of seedling traits was mainly affected annual by average temperature, latitude, elevation and annual average sunshine hour. Yunnan Jinghong provenance, Hainan Sanya provenance, Guangxi Leye provenance and Hainan Ledong provenance were selected to be suitable for seedling production in Nanning, Guangxi.