马克思现代性正义批判的逻辑进路与真实意蕴

On the Approach and Implication of Marx’s Critique of Modernity Justice

现代政治哲学以政治理性主义方法祛除古典正义的社会伦理特征,在价值规范层面树立起以平等和自由为内涵的现代性正义观念。平等和自由观念与资本主义生产方式存在隐秘的相互嵌入关系,现代性的政治逻辑仍然服从市民社会利益逻辑的统治。进而,现代社会一种新型的权力形式--"资本权力"被构建起来。马克思政治经济学批判立足资本主义生产方式的总体发展逻辑,通过揭示资本与劳动的辩证关系指认资本与正义的辩证法,以此揭示资本经济剥削背后的"资本权力"统治。马克思对现代性正义的批判是在政治经济学语境中对现代性经济和政治的总体批判,这为正义的现代理解及实践开辟了新的思想空间。

Modern political philosophy dispels the social ethics characteristics of classical justice through political rationalism;and sets up the equality and freedom concepts of modern justice as its norms.The concepts of modern justice and the capitalist mode of production have hidden embedded relationship,which decides that the modern politics obeys the rule of civil society interests.Consequently, "capital power" is constructed as a new power form in modern society.Based on the overall development of capitalist mode of production,Marx’s critique of political economy identifies the dialectics of capital and justice by revealing the dialectical relationship between capital and labor,thus to uncover the rule of "power of capital" behind the economic exploitation of capital.Marx’s critique of modernity justice is the overall criticism of modern economy and politics in the context of political economy,which blazes a new trail for the modern understanding and practice of justice.