咖啡果皮不同堆沤处理养分含量及其对咖啡植株生长的影响

Nutrient Content of Coffee Peel with Different Composting Treatments and Its Effects on Coffee Plant Growth

咖啡果皮中矿质养分含量较高,可作为潜在的有机肥源用于农业生产,但果皮直接还田会抑制咖啡幼苗生长,需腐熟后还田。本研究设置咖啡果皮、咖啡果皮添加纤维素酶和果胶酶、粉碎咖啡果皮、粉碎咖啡果皮添加纤维素酶和果胶酶4个堆沤处理,研究不同堆沤处理的养分含量及对咖啡植株生长的影响,以期为果皮的肥料化利用提供依据。室内检测试验结果表明:咖啡果皮粉碎或粉碎后添加纤维素酶和果胶酶堆沤处理对果皮养分含量无显著影响,但果皮粉碎后添加酶的处理有机质含量与果皮直接堆沤腐熟相比下降7.90%。温室盆栽试验显示:施用不同堆沤腐熟处理后的咖啡果皮均可显著促进咖啡幼苗生长,提高叶片光合速率、叶绿素含量和氮平衡指数,但促生效果有差异。与对照相比,施用腐熟果皮添加纤维素酶和果胶酶的处理,植株生物量、叶片光合速率、叶绿素含量及氮平衡指数分别增加了50%以上,促生效果最好。因此,建议生产上采用果皮粉碎后添加一定比例的纤维素酶和果胶酶堆沤,以利于作物生长。

Coffee peel can be used as a potential organic fertilizer source for agricultural production,but the application of the coffee peel not rotten can inhibit the growth of coffee seedlings.Coffee peel and shattered coffee peel rotten with nothing or cellulase and pectinase were carried out to investigate the effects of different treatments on the coffee peel nutrient content and plant growth,and to provide basis for coffee peel fertilizer utilization.The results of laboratory tests showed that there was no significant difference on the nutrient content of coffee peel among the treatments,whereas the organic matter in the shattered coffee peel treated with cellulase and pectinase decreased by 7.90% compared with the coffee peel treated with no enzymes.Greenhouse pot experiments showed that the application of well-rotten coffee peel could significantly promote the growth of coffee seedlings,increase the leaf photosynthetic rate,chlorophyll content and nitrogen balance index.The application of shattered coffee peel treated with cellulase and pectinase increased the biomass production of coffee plant,leaf photosynthetic rate,chlorophyll content and nitrogen balance index over 50% compared with the control.Conclusively,shattered coffee peel treated with cellulase and pectinase was suggested to be used to promote the growth of coffee plants.