不同价态外源硒对芥菜生长及富硒量的影响

Influence of Exogenous Selenium on Growth and Selenium Enrichment of Mustard

通过盆栽试验,研究土壤外源施入两种不同价态的硒(Se4+、Se6+)对芥菜生长及富硒量的影响,为富硒蔬菜栽培提供参考依据。结果表明:在外源施Se4+处理组中,低浓度促进芥菜的生长,高浓度则抑制生长,总体表现为随浓度增加促进芥菜生长,除根长外,株高、叶片数、根粗指标均高于对照处理(CK),单株质量极显著高于CK,其中Se4+浓度为10.0 mg/kg时对芥菜生长的促进作用最大;在外源施Se6+处理组中,也表现出低浓度促进芥菜生长,高浓度则抑制生长,总体表现为随浓度增加抑制芥菜生长,当Se6+浓度高于10.0 mg/kg时对植株有毒害作用,各农艺性状指标表现出抑制效应。芥菜总Se含量均随外源硒Se4+、Se6+浓度的增大而增加,其中施用Se4+芥菜的总Se含量与CK差异不显著,而Se6+各处理除浓度1.0 mg/kg外,芥菜的总Se含量均极显著高于Se4+各处理和CK。综合分析认为,外源Se4+的添加比Se6+更能促进芥菜生长,并且能使芥菜对硒的富集控制在较安全范围内。在富硒芥菜生产中,建议以Se4+作为外源硒,且浓度以1.0 mg/kg为宜。

The effects of exogenous selenium(Se4+、Se6+)on the growth and selenium enrichment of mustard were investigated using a pot experiment to provide references for the cultivation of selenium-enriched vegetables in this study.The results showed a low concentration of Se4+ promoted the growth of mustard,while high concentration inhibited the growth of mustard.The mustard growth was generally promoted with the increased concentration of Se4+.Except for root length,the index of plant height,leaf number and root thickness with the exogenous application of Se4+ were higher than CK,and the weight per plant was also significantly higher than CK.The promoting effect of Se4+ on mustard growth reached up to the highest at the concentration of 10.0 mg/kg.In the exogenous Se6+ treatment group,it also showed that low concentration promoted the growth of mustard and high concentration inhibited the growth of mustard.The growth of mustard was inhibited with increasing concentration of Se6+.When the concentration of Se6+ was higher than 10.0 mg/kg,it had toxic effects on plants,posing inhibiting effects on the agronomic traits.The total Se content of mustard was increased with the increasing concentration of exogenous Se4+ or Se6+.The total Se content of mustard was not significantly different between the treatment of exogenous Se4+ and CK,while the total Se contents of mustard with exogenous Se6+ except for 1.0 mg/kg were higher than exogenous Se4+ and CK.Taken together,the promoting effects of exogenous Se4+ on the growth of mustard were better than Se6+.Moreover,the addition of exogenous Se4+ could control selenium enrichment of mustard in a safe range.As a result,Se4+ with the concentration of 1.0 mg/kg is proposed for the production of selenium-enriched mustard.