转录组测序技术在猪上的研究进展

Advances in transcriptome sequencing in pigs

转录组(Transcriptome)是指特定细胞或组织中的全部转录产物,包括信使RNA、核糖体RNA、转运RNA以及非编码RNA。转录组测序技术的快速发展,为转录组的研究提供了可靠的平台。转录组测序技术能够全面分析某一组织或细胞在不同物种、品种、发育阶段以及不同的处理条件下,全部转录产物的类别、结构以及表达水平的变化,揭示特定生物学过程的分子调控机制。近年来,研究人员广泛利用该技术筛选猪优良经济性状的基因,为功能基因的鉴定研究提供重要信息。文章综述了在不同试验设计下,基于转录组测序技术比较不同表型、不同处理条件、不同时期及不同组织间的转录组,筛选差异表达基因的研究,以期为今后猪育种的研究提供有用的信息。

Transcriptome refers to all transcripts in a specific cell or tissue,including messenger RNAs,ribosome RNA,transport RNA and non-coding RNA.High-throughout sequencing technology has evolved rapidly,which provides a reliable platform for understanding transcriptome.To know molecular regulation mechanism in particular biological processes,transcriptome sequencing technology could analyze transcripts’classes,structure and expressed level in a certain cell or tissue for different species,breeds,development stages or treatments.In recent years,researcher always screen and identify critical functional genes affecting important economic traits.Based on this technology,differentially expressed genes were detected between different phenotypes,treatments,stages and tissues in order to provide useful information for future research on pig breeding.