景观河道病原微生物污染来源与分布特征

Pollution sources and distribution characteristics of pathogenic microorganisms in landscape rivers

以上海市徐汇区3条景观河段为研究对象,在不同的天气情景下,调查分析了河道病原微生物的分布情况与主要来源.结果显示:河道1在晴天的粪大肠菌群平均浓度为1.31×10^5 MPN/100 mL,在雨天的为2.49×10^5 MPN/100 mL;河道2和河道3在晴天和在雨天的粪大肠菌群平均浓度保持在104 MPN/100 mL;3个河道在晴天的大肠菌群平均浓度相差两个数量级,其中河道1为3.6×10^3 CFU/mL,河道2和河道3分别为29和98 CFU/mL;3个河道在雨天的大肠菌群平均浓度也相差两个数量级.降雨和雨水泵站放江均会导致粪大肠菌群和大肠菌群浓度的增加,但大肠菌群浓度增加的程度明显高于粪大肠菌群.这表明降雨是景观河道病原微生物的主要来源之一.景观河道水虽然不直接接触人体,但仍存在潜在的健康风险,因此需要加强对河道病原微生物的监控与治理.

It took three landscape river sections in Xuhui District,Shanghai as an example for the investigation of the distribution and main sources of pathogenic microorganisms in landscape rivers under different weather scenarios.The results showed that the average concentration of fecal coliform was 1.31 x10^5 MPN/100 mL on sunny days and 2.49×10^5 MPN/100 mL on rainy days with River 1.The average concentrations of fecal coliform in River 2 and River 3 on sunny days and rainy days remained at 10^4 MPN/100 mL.The average concentrations of coliform were two orders of magnitude in all 3 rivers.River 1 was 3.6×10^3 CFU/mL,and River 2 and River 3 were 29 and 98 CFU/mL respectively.On rainy days,the average concentration of coliform was two orders of magnitude as same as that on sunny days.The concentrations of fecal coliform and coliform were increased in both rainfall and rain water pump stations,but the increase of coliform was significantly higher than that of fecal coliform.Clearly,rainfall is one of the main sources of pathogenic microorganisms in landscape river.Although human beings do not usually have direct contact with the landscape rivers,there are still some health risks.It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and control of the pollution caused by pathogenic microorganisms.