菠菜采后保鲜包装技术研究进展

Research Progress on Postharvest Preservation and Packaging Technologies for Spinach (Spinacia Oleracea L.)

目的通过介绍国内外针对菠菜的贮藏保鲜包装技术,以及其对菠菜采后生理生化、营养成分、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量的影响,为菠菜贮藏保鲜及有害物质的控制提供理论参考。方法分析目前主要用于菠菜贮藏保鲜包装的方法,包括低温、气调、1-MCP处理、辐照、二氧化氯和臭氧等,同时针对菠菜在贮藏过程中容易积累硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的问题,综述不同贮藏方式对菠菜贮藏过程中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的影响及调控。结论各种传统贮藏保鲜技术仍存在一定缺陷,尤其是质量安全问题;同时要结合基础研究,明确贮藏方式与菠菜衰老、有害物质的形成机制等的关系,以期为菠菜贮藏保鲜和质量安全研究提供新的研究方向和思路。

The work aims to summarize the storage and preservation packaging technologies for spinach at home and abroad and analyze the effects of the technologies on postharvest physiology and biochemistry, nutrient, nitrate and nitrite content of spinach, to provide theoretical reference for spinach storage and preservation and control of harmful substances. The methods used for the storage and preservation of spinach were analyzed, including low temperature, air conditioning, 1-MCP, irradiation, chlorine dioxide and ozone, and the influence and regulation of different storage methods on nitrates and nitrites in spinach were summarized for the problem of nitrate and nitrite accumulation during storage. There are still some defects in various traditional storage and preservation techniques, especially for the quality safety problems. Moreover, the relationship between the storage method and spinach decay and the formation of harmful substances should be made clear in combination with basic research, so as to provide new research direction and ideas for the study of spinach storage preservation and quality safety.