脑卒中患者跌倒恐惧的影响因素及护理对策

Influencing factors and nursing countermeasures of falling fear in patients with cerebral apoplexy

目的:研究脑卒中患者跌倒恐惧的影响因素,并对各因素的影响程度进行多维度分析比较,针对性提出相应护理干预措施。方法:选取100例神经内科病房收治的脑卒中患者,包括住院和已出院回院复诊的患者,采用自制一般资料问卷收集患者基本信息;采用Berg平衡量表(BBS)和起立-行走计时试验(TUGT)测定患者平衡功能、移动能力及下肢运动功能;采用活动平衡信心量表(ABC)评估患者对活动平衡的信心。应用单因素分析法评估患者性别、年龄、跌倒史、视力情况、平衡功能、移动能力及下肢运动功能等因素与患者跌倒恐惧的相关性。采用多因素分析法比较其影响程度。结果:年龄、跌倒史、视力情况、平衡功能、移动能力及下肢运动功能均对患者跌倒恐惧有影响。结论:年龄、有跌倒史、平衡、移动能力及下肢运动功能是导致脑卒中患者跌倒恐惧的主要因素,针对脑卒中患者跌倒恐惧的主要因素提出针对性的护理干预措施,降低跌倒恐惧的发生率。

Objective To study the influence factors of fall fear in stroke patients,analyze and compare the influencing degree of each factor from multiple dimensions,and proposing specific intervention measures.Methods A total of 100 patients with stroke admitted to the department of neurology were selected,including those hospitalized and those who had been discharged and returned to the hospital for further treatment.The basic information of patients was collected by self-made general data questionnaire.Berg balance scale(BBS)and standing up and walking timing test(TUGT)were used to measure the mobility of patients'balance function,mobility and lower limb motor function.The activity balance confidence scale(ABC)was used to assess the patients'confidence in activity balance.Univariate analysis was used to assess the association of gender,age,history of falls,visual acuity,balance,mobility,and lower limb motor function with patients'fear of falls.Multi-factor analysis method was used to compare its influence degree.Results Age,history of falls,visual acuity,balance function,mobility,and lower limb motor function were all influential factors for patients'fear of falls.Conclusions Age,history of falls,balance,mobility,and lower limb motor function are the major factors that led to the fear of falls in stroke patients.According to the main factors of falling fear in patients with cerebral apoplexy,nursing intervention measures are proposed to reduce the incidence of falling fear.