特殊灾害环境生存保障装备体系构建方法研究

The Construction Method of the Living and Safety Support Equipment System of Systems in Special Disaster Environment

为保障特殊灾害环境下的人员生命安全、指导装备体系建设,分析了以美国为代表的军事领域装备体系构建优势以及我国生存保障装备的发展现状,提出了特殊灾害环境生存保障装备体系的构建方法,并针对高原高寒灾害环境进行了该方法的案例验证。研究表明:军事领域采用基于能力的论证模式、"自顶向下"的需求生成机制以及统一的体系结构框架来指导装备体系构建,解决了难于应对非对称威胁、联合作战能力不足、装备间无法互联互通等难题,具有明显的优势。在此基础上研究得到的生存保障装备体系构建方法,充分考虑了灾害环境风险和应急保障能力建设,完善了装备体系需求生成机制,增加引入了技术体系和标准体系,能够确保装备体系有效满足特殊灾害环境下的人员保障需求。案例分析说明该方法逻辑清晰、科学合理,具有可操作性和适用性,能够指导生存保障装备体系构建,对指导其他灾害环境装备体系建设也具有借鉴意义。

In order to ensure life safety and guide the construction of equipment system of systems in special environmental condition, the construction advantages of military equipment system of systems represented by the United States and the development status of China’s survival support equipment are analyzed, and the construction method of the living and safety support equipment system of systems are put forward.At last,the case application about alpine and cold disaster environment is carried out.The research shows that: In the military field, demonstration mode in view of capability, top-down requirement generation mechanism and unified architecture framework are used to guide the construction of equipment system of systems, which solves the problems such as difficult to deal with asymmetric threat, insufficient joint operation capability, and inability of interconnection between equipment, and has obvious advantages.Based on these advantages, disaster environmental risk and emergency support capacity building are adequately considered, demand generation mechanism of equipment system of systems is implemented, technical and standard system of systems are added.The proposed method can ensure that the equipment system of systems effectively meets the living and safety support needs in special disaster environment.The case analysis shows that the method is logical, reasonable, operable and applicable, and can provide guidance for the construction of survival support equipment system of systems in special disaster environment.