研究接种水痘减毒活疫苗对儿童的保护作用

Study on the Protective Effect of Live Attenuated Varicella Vaccine on Children

目的研究接种水痘减毒活疫苗对儿童的保护作用。方法从2015年1月至2015年10月在本疾控中心接种疫苗的适龄儿童中抽取100例作为此次研究对象,以家长是否同意接种水痘减毒活疫苗为分组依据,对照组的50例儿童中家长拒绝接种水痘减毒活疫苗,而观察组的50例儿童为家长自愿接种水痘减毒活疫苗。对两组儿童的3年内水痘发生率、水疱平均数目、出疹时间、脱痂时间及不良反应发生率进行统计和对比分析。结果经比较两组儿童的水痘发生情况,观察组儿童3年内水痘发生率明显低于对照组,两组数据比较存在显著差异(P<0.05),说明接种水痘减毒活疫苗可最大程度上降低水痘的发生率;观察组的水疱平均数目少于对照组,两组差异显著,且观察组儿童的出疹时间、脱痂时间均明显短于对照组,两组的指标比较差异有统计学意义,这说明即便是出现水痘,接种疫苗的儿童患病程度更轻、恢复更快;从接种的安全性上来看,儿童接种后有少许不良反应症状,但无需处理,接种后24 h均自动消失,这说明接种水痘减毒活疫苗不会增加儿童的身体负荷,体现了该疫苗的安全性。结论儿童接种水痘减毒活疫苗可起到显著的保护性作用,虽然接种后有轻微的不良反应症状,但不会影响总体的接种效果。因此,疾控中心要加大关于水痘和接种水痘减毒活疫苗的宣传力度,让家长从更加全面和更加科学的角度了解接种水痘减毒活疫苗的重要性,以保障儿童的生命安全,降低水痘的发生率。

Objective To study the protective effect of live attenuated varicella vaccine on children.Methods From January 2015 to October 2015,100 children of the age-appropriate children who were vaccinated at the CDC were selected as the study subjects,and whether the parents agreed to inoculate live attenuated varicella vaccine,50 children in the control group.Chinese parents refused to vaccinate live varicella vaccine,while 50 children in the observation group volunteered to vaccinate live varicella vaccine.The incidence of varicella,the average number of blister,the time of rash,the time of dislocation and the incidence of adverse reactions were statistically and comparatively analyzed within 3 years.Results After comparing the occurrence of chickenpox in the two groups of children,the incidence of chickenpox in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group within 3 years.There was significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05),indicating that the live attenuated varicella vaccine can reduce the chickenpox to the greatest extent.The incidence of blister was lower in the observation group than in the control group.The difference between the two groups was significant,and the time of rash and the time of dislocation in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant.This indicates that even with chickenpox,vaccinated children are less ill and recover faster.From the safety of vaccination,children have some adverse reactions after vaccination,but they do not need to be treated,and disappear automatically 24 hours after inoculation.It shows that inoculation of live attenuated varicella vaccine does not increase the physical load of children,which reflects the safety of the vaccine.Conclusion Children's live attenuated varicella vaccine can play a significant protective role,although there are mild adverse reactions after vaccination,but it will not affect the overall vaccination effect.Therefore,the CDC should increase the publicity of varicella and live attenuated vaccination vaccines,so that parents can understand the importance of vaccination against varicella live aquarium from a more comprehensive and scientific perspective to ensure children's life safety and reduce The incidence of chickenpox.