基于生境质量的绿洲城镇增长边界划定--以黑河中游地区为例

Delimitation of the Growth Boundary of Oasis Towns Based on Habitat Quality:A Case Study of the Middle Reaches of Heihe River

绿洲城镇是人类活动最集中、人地关系最敏感的区域,也是"三生空间"(生产、生活与生态空间)矛盾最严重的区域。划定城镇增长边界是控制城镇无序蔓延,引导城镇空间有序发展的一种技术手段和政策工具,是国家和地方空间治理体系的重要组成部分。以黑河中游地区绿洲城镇为研究对象,提出了一种基于生境质量的绿洲城镇增长边界的划定方法:首先,基于InVEST模型评估绿洲生境质量;其次,将绿洲生态适宜性评价结果嵌入SLEUTH模型,模拟城镇增长边界;最后,以土地利用总体规划下达的城镇用地面积为控制规模,并结合生境质量评估结果对模拟边界进行修正,最终划定城镇增长边界。结果表明:划定边界内总面积为104.67 km^2,剩余可建设用地面积为22.14 km^2,以低等级生境质量为主,占边界内新增城镇用地的66.98%。绿洲平原区和山前洪积扇区的城镇增长空间较小,剩余可建设用地比例分别为9.96%、24.57%;绿洲边缘区的城镇产业园区空间增长潜力较大,剩余可建设用地比例为52.53%。该划定方法能够有效解决城镇发展与生态环境之间的矛盾,对绿洲城镇增长边界划定具有重要的参考价值。

Oasis towns are the areas where human activities are the most concentrated and the relationship between man and land is the most sensitive,and it is also the area where the contradiction of"Production,Living and Ecological Space"is the most serious.The delimitation of urban growth boundary is a technical means and policy tool to control the disorderly spread of cities and guide the orderly development of urban space.and it is an important part of the national and local spatial governance system.This paper takes oasis towns in the middle reaches of Heihe River as the research object,and puts forward a method for delineating the growth boundary of oasis towns based on habitat quality:Firstly,the quality of oasis habitat is evaluated based on InVEST model;Secondly,the evaluation results of oasis ecological suitability are embedded in SLEUTH model to simulate urban growth boundary;Finally,take the urban construction land area assigned by the overall planning for land use as the control scale,the simulated boundary is revised by using the results of habitat quality assessment,and the urban growth boundary is finally delineated.The results show that:The total area within the urban growth boundary is 104.67 km^2,and the remaining constructable land area is 22.14 km^2,which is dominated by low-grade habitat quality,accounting for 66.98%of the newly added urban land within the boundary.The urban growth space in oasis plain area and piedmont alluvial sector is small,and the proportion of remaining constructable land is 9.96%and 24.57%,respectively;The urban industrial parks in the oasis fringe have some growth space,the proportion of remaining constructable land is 52.53%.The urban industrial parks in the oasis fringe have great potential for spatial growth,and the proportion of remaining constructable land is 52.53%.This method can effectively solve the contradiction between urban development and ecological environment.It has an important reference for the delimitation of urban growth boundary in oasis towns.