立体经营下土壤重金属特征分析与评价

Analysis and Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Soil under Stereoscopic Management

为了解立体经营下土壤中的重金属含量,以天然阔叶林、人工阔叶林、杉木林、毛竹林4种林分类型的土壤为研究对象,测定各林下土壤Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Cd、Ni等6种重金属元素的含量,运用单项污染指数法和内梅罗污染指数法,从单个因子和综合污染2个方面对6种重金属元素的含量进行评价。结果表明,天然阔叶林、人工阔叶林、杉木林、毛竹林的土壤重金属含量均处于安全范围内,土壤清洁、非污染。Zn元素含量等级高,Cd含量最低,Cr含量倒数第2。Zn、Pb、Ni等3种元素在不同林分中的平均含量排序存在一定的差异,天然阔叶林和毛竹林的排序相似,平均含量排序为:Ni>Cu>Pb;人工阔叶林和与杉木林的排序相似,Pb>Cu>Ni。通过6个元素平均含量在不同林分下的对比,发现天然林阔叶林的所有含量均低于其他林分。

In order to understand the content of heavy metals in the soil under three-dimensional management,the soil of four forest types including natural broad-leaved forest,artificial broad-leaved forest,Cunninghamia Lanceola?ta forest and Phyllostachys heterocycla forest was taken as the research object.According to the detection method,the content of six heavy metals in the soil under each forest was determined,including Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr,CD,Ni,etc.the single pollution index method and the Nemero pollution index method were used,from two aspects of single factor and comprehensive pollution Evaluation on the content of six heavy metal elements.The results showed that the con?tents of heavy metals in the soil of natural broad-leaved forest,artificial broad-leaved forest,Cunninghamia Lanceo?lata forest and Phyllostachys heterocycla forest were all in a safe range,and the soil was clean and non polluted.The content of Zn is high,Cd is the lowest and Cr is the second lowest.The average content of Zn,Pb,Ni in different stands was different.The average content of natural broad-leaved forest and moso bamboo forest was Ni>Cu>Pb,and that of artificial broad-leaved forest and Chinese fir forest was Pb>Cu>Ni.From the comparison of the average contents of six elements in different stands,it is found that all the contents of natural broad-leaved forest are lower than other stands.