产后盆底器官脱垂发生及影响因素

Analysis of pelvic organ prolapsed of postpartum women and its influencing factors

目的:探讨妇女产后盆底器官脱垂(POP)情况和影响因素。方法:选取2015年1月-2018年12月本院收治的产后育龄妇女1030例临床资料,调查产后POP的发生情况及发生危险因素。结果:1030例产后育龄妇女中,患POP 725例(70.4%),其中阴道前壁膨出551例(53.5%),阴道后壁膨出502例(48.7%),子宫脱垂81例(7.9%);POP脱垂部位以阴道前壁膨出为主,脱垂程度以Ⅰ度脱垂为主。不同年份间POP发生率比较无差异(P=0.147),线性卡方检验发生率呈增长趋势(χ2线性=5.218,P=0.022)。多分类有序logistic回归模型显示,产次≥2次、阴道分娩、会阴自然裂伤和妊娠期高血压是育龄妇女发生产后POP的高危因素。结论:本次调查育龄妇女产后POP的发生率近几年呈上升趋势。产次≥2次、阴道分娩、会阴自然裂伤和妊娠期高血压等是产后发生POP的高危因素。

Objective:To investigate the situation of postpartum pelvic organ prolapsed(POP)of postpartum women,and to study its influence factors.Methods:1030 postpartum women of childbearing age from January 2015 to December 2018 were selected as subjects.The incidence of postpartum POP and its risk factors were investigated.Results:There were 725(70.4%)women with postpartum POP,which included 551(53.5%)women with anterior vaginal wall bulging,502(48.7%)women with vaginal posterior wall bulging,81(7.9%)women with uterine prolapsed.Postpartum POP of women were mainly anterior vaginal wall prolapsed,and the degree of prolapse was mainly I class.From 2015 to 2018,the incidence of postpartum POP of women of childbearing age was 65.9%,68.8%,72.7%and 74.2%,respectively,which had no significant difference in the incidence of postpartum POP among different year(P=0.147).While the linear chi-square showed a significant increase in the incidence of postpartum POP of women(χ2=5.218,P=0.022).Multi-classified ordered logistic regression model showed that parity≥2 times,vaginal delivery,perineal laceration,and gestational hypertension were risk factors of postpartum POP.Conclusion:The incidence of postpartum POP of women of childbearing age has an upward trend.The parity≥2 times,vaginal delivery,perineal laceration,and gestational hypertension are high risk factors of postpartum POP.