工程地质科技发展与进步

Development and Progress of Engineering Geology

进入21世纪,工程地质勘察新技术、新方法发展迅猛,西北院为适应日益竞争激烈的市场,以科技为引领,提高勘察技术进步。近年勘察技术进步主要在3D激光扫描技术、工程勘察技术数字化、定向钻孔测试设备研发及综合勘察技术、地质遥感解译、岩土数值模拟等方面。科技研发主要集中在复杂边坡、深厚覆盖层、岩体结构、特殊性岩土等方面,在以下方面取得研究进展:层状岩质边坡复杂变形破坏机理、失稳模式及治理措施;水库滑坡及塌岸稳定分析、安全防控措施研究及其工程应用;倾倒岩体变形破坏与分类;工程岩体缓倾角结构面;基于量化指标的高拱坝建基岩体可利用标准和建基面选择;超高面板坝巨厚砂砾石料层“深井法”勘察与可利用性评价技术;深厚覆盖层坝基工程特性;城市地下铁道工程富水砂卵石地层勘察与评价;西北地区大型风力发电场盐渍土工程地质特性等。

In the 21st century,new technologies and methods for engineering geological surveys are developing rapidly.In order to adapt to the increasingly competitive market,the Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited strives to promote the advancement of survey technology with the support of science and technology.In recent years,advances in survey technology have mainly been in 3D laser scanning technology,digitization of engineering survey technology,development of directional drilling test equipment and comprehensive survey technology,interpretation of geological remote sensing,and numerical simulation of rock and soil,etc.R&D in science and technology mainly focuses on complex slopes,deep overburden layers,rock mass structures,special geotechnical and other aspects,and has made achievements in the following aspects:complex deformation failure mechanism,instability model and treatment measures of layered rock slopes;stability analysis of landslides and bank collapses for reservoirs,research on safety prevention and control measures and its engineering application;deformation and failure of toppling rock mass and its classification;low-angle dip structural planes of engineering rock mass;available standards of foundation rock mass and selection technology of foundation surface for high arch dam based on quantitative index;"deep well method"survey and availability evaluation technology for the ultra-thick concrete gravel layer of ultra-high concrete-faced dam;engineering characteristics of dam foundation with deep overburden;survey and evaluation of water-rich sand and pebble layer in urban metro project;engineering geological characteristics of salinized soil at large-scale wind farm in the northwest region of China.