“走出乡土”:农村第一代大学生的自我民族志

The Auto-ethnography of the First Generation of Rural College Students

中国城乡二元结构造成教育资源配置不平衡,“寒门”家庭的孩子面临着更多的学业困境和挑战。农村第一代大学生走出乡土社会、成功获得高等教育文凭,表征了更深层次的文化意涵。运用自我民族志的研究范式和叙事方法,基于自身的读书经历,围绕“走出乡土”建构和揭示个体成为家庭第一代大学生的幕后逻辑,映射“读书”对农村孩子的重要意义。家庭中特有的教育环境和乡土社会中对于本体追求功业的道德修养,与“读书”这一达成“成功”的路径不谋而合,个体自身对未来生活“过上好日子”的憧憬与获得家庭、乡土社会认同的身份形象,是提升自我能动性和抗逆力的重要动力。此外,乡土中的“贵人”文化丰富了个体的社会支持。

As the urban-rural dual structure has caused the allocation imbalance of educational resource,children from impoverished rural family are facing more academic difficulties and challenges.The first generation of rural college students stepped out of the rural society and successfully obtain higher education diplomas,which represents a deeper cultural significance.Adopting the research paradigm and narrative method of auto-ethnography,on the basis of his own experience of attending school,the author constructs and reveals the logic behind individuals become the first generation of college students in their family around“stepping out of the countryside”to reflect the significance of“attending school”to rural children.The specific educational environment in the family and the moral cultivation of the ontological pursuit of achievement in the rural society coincide with“attending school”,the path of achieving“success”;and the individual's own yearning for“living a good life”in the future and the acquisition of the identity image recognized by own family and rural society are important drivers of improving self-agency and resistance.In addition,the culture of“honorable men”in the countryside has enriched the individual's social support.