“荧惑守虚”发微——兼论《晏子春秋》文本来源与成书

The Elucidation of“Mars Staying at Xu”:Also Study on the Text Source and Time of Completion of the Spring and the Autumn Annals of Master Yan

《晏子春秋》所记齐景公“荧惑守虚”故事,传世的先秦、两汉其他文献中从未提及。而宋景公“荧惑守心”故事,则进入了《史记》的历史书写,完成了“史实化”,成为星占术和中国古代政治思想阐释的典型事例。就星占实践而言,“荧惑守虚”仅停留在文本层面,汉唐时期并无“荧惑守虚”的天象记录,齐景公“荧惑守虚”故事是目前所见唯一“事例”。鉴于在内容、情节、叙事及思想观念上的相似性,《晏子春秋》所记之事可能是对宋景公“荧惑守心”故事的摹写、改编或者再创作,时间上可能不会早于西汉。

The story of“Mars Staying at Xu”recorded in the Spring and the Autumn Annals of Master Yan is never mentioned in the literature of Pre-Qin and Han Dynasties.The story of“Mars Staying at Xin”of Song Jinggong entered the historical writing and became a typical example of Astrology and the interpretation of ancient Chinese political thought.As far as astrological practice is concerned,“Mars Staying at Xu”only stays at the text of Astrology,and there is no relevant astronomical record in the Han and Tang Dynasties.The story of“Mars Staying at Xu”by Qi Jinggong is the only“case”.In view of their similarities in content,situation,narrative and ideological concepts,the Spring and the Autumn Annals of Master Yan may have written,adapted or recreated the story of“Mars Staying at Xin”,probably no earlier than the Western Han Dynasty.