中国城市物流绩效评价与竞争力实证研究

An Empirical Study on Performance Evaluation and Competitiveness of Urban Logistics in China

正确评价城市物流绩效有助于衡量城市物流管理成效,而竞争力的提高又反过来促进城市绩效的优化。以2018年《中国城市统计年鉴》及相关数据为基础,采用DEA、因子分析法、熵权法分析二阶段城市物流效率、绩效与竞争力。研究发现:32个样本城市中只有上海市、海口市、昆明市、西宁市、银川市城市物流效率有效,全国平均水平为非效率,分区域计算效率值西部>中部>东部;经济因素是影响物流绩效与竞争力的重要因素,东部城市在优良区间超过半数,同时有过半数中西部城市在差的区间,表明中国分区域物流水平差异明显;城市物流效率、绩效、竞争力三者总体保持密切的相关关系,即绩效高的城市竞争力强、效率优,反之亦然。

The correct evaluation of city logistics performance helps to measure the effectiveness of city logistics management,and the improvement of competitiveness in turn promotes the optimization of city performance.Based on the 2018 China Urban Statistical Yearbook and related data,this paper analyzes the efficiency,performance and competitiveness of two-stage urban logistics by DEA,factor analysis and entropy weight method.The results show that only Shanghai,Haikou,Kunming,Xining and Yinchuan have effective logistics efficiency,and the national average is non-efficiency.The efficiency of the subarea calculation is:West area>Middle area>East area.Economic factors are the important factors that affect logistics performance and competitiveness.The eastern cities are over half in the good region,and the middle and Western cities are in the bad region.Urban logistics efficiency,performance,competitiveness of the three overall maintain a close relationship,that is,high performance of the city competitiveness,high efficiency,and vice versa.