迁西地区39份板栗种质叶片的功能性状多样性

Leaf Functional Traits of 41 Chestnut Germplasms in Qianxi Region

以不同地区嫁接引种至河北迁西的39份板栗种质资源为研究对象(共计7个群体),对与其叶片相关的8个功能性状进行了双因素巢式设计方差分析、相关性分析、聚类分析。结果显示:板栗叶片8个功能性状群体内和群体间均存在显著差异,说明叶片功能性状在群体内和群体间呈多态性,多样性丰富;板栗叶片8个功能性状平均变异系数在6.91%~27.57%之间,其中叶片DSPA的平均变异系数最小,其余7个性状的平均变异系数均在10%以上,表明叶片DSPA的遗传稳定性较好,育种改良潜力较小;不同群体内性状多态性丰富程度最高为江苏群体,最低为安徽群体,表明在遵化板栗群体中选育出新品种的可能性较大;群体间的平均变异与群体内的平均变异比约为6∶7,说明就板栗叶片8个功能性状呈多态性的主要来源是群体内变异;相关性分析结果表明板栗叶片面积与叶片DSPA对板栗坚果的单粒质量显著的影响,因此板栗叶片面积及叶片DSPA可以作为迁西地区引种及选育工作的一个重要参考指标;通过系统聚类可将7个板栗群体居聚为2大类群,反映不同地理群体板栗叶片功能性状的多样性,结果与地理分布格局基本相吻合。

By revealing the diversity,variation rule and variation level of leaf functional characters of different chestnut germplasm resources,the basis for breeding in Qianxi region was provided.The 39 chestnut resources were set as the research object in different regions,which were introduced and grafted to Qianxi Hebei(a total of 7 populations).The 8 functional traits related to their leaves were analyzed by two-factor nested design analysis of variance,correlation analysis and aggregation.There were significant differences among the eight functional traits of the chestnut leaves and between the populations,indicating that the leaf functional traits were polymorphic within the population and between the populations,and the diversity was abundant;The average coefficient of variation of 8 functional traits in chestnut leaves ranged in 6.91%-27.57%,with the average coefficient of variation of DSPA values being the smallest,and the average coefficient of variation of the other 7 traits was above 10%,indicating that the genetic stability of leaf DSPA was better.At the same time,the breeding improvement potential is small,the polymorphism of the traits in different populations is the highest in the Jiangsu group,and the lowest is in the Anhui group,indicating that it is more likely to breed new varieties in the Zunhua chestnut population.The average variation between populations and the average variation ratio within the population is about 8∶5,indicating that the main source of polymorphism in the 8 functional traits of chestnut leaves is inter-population variation.By correlation analysis,the leaf area and chlorophyll content of chestnut had significant effects on the single weight of chestnut nuts.Therefore,the leaf area and relative content of chlorophyll could be used as an important reference indicator for introduction and breeding in Qianxi area.The 7 chestnut groups can be clustered into 2 major groups,reflecting the diversity of functional traits of chestnut leaves in different geographical groups and the results are basically consistent with the geographical distribution pattern.