雅克·勒高夫对新传记的探索

Jacques Le Goff’s Exploration of“New Historical Biography”

20世纪后期法国出现的传记回归对年鉴学派提出了挑战。雅克·勒高夫对此进行回应,倡导把结构分析方法与传记体裁融为一体的"新传记",并撰写了《圣路易》。勒高夫通过解构史料把握圣路易与历史表征或"典范"的辩证统一关系,进而在圣路易与社会环境的互动中解释和呈现"真实的"圣路易。《圣路易》赢得学界诸多赞誉,但也提出新问题,即,如何实现科学的史学方法与个体化的叙述方法的有机融合,又能同时保持传记的生动性和趣味性。无论如何,《圣路易》是史家进一步探索新传记的重要基点。

In late 20th historiography,especially in France,there has been a fashion:going back to historical biography,which posed a challenge to the Annales School.Jacques Le Goff defended it by proposing"a new historical biography"which marries annalist methodology with the biographical genre,and writing Saint Louis.In this book,Le Goff emphasized that the key to making clear the dialectical unification relation between Saint Louis and the historical representations or models of Saint Louis is deconstructing sources,thereby studying and presenting Saint Louis in the context of his role within the society in which he lived and with which he interacted.Saint Louis is an important attempt of Le Goff that not only attracted a great deal of praise from historians,but also posed a new question:How to avoid reducing the appeal and interest of biography while integrating the scientific historiography with the individual narration.In any case,this book is an important example of how to write"new historical biography".