清代安庆方志中的“忠节”书写及其演变--以抗清殉节者的“忠节”书写为中心

The Records of Loyal Deeds in the Local Chronicles of Anqing and Their Change in the Qing Dynasty:Based on Writing about Loyal Deeds of Martyrs Died in Anti-Qing Wars

清代安庆方志的"忠节"书写对象,包括鼎革之际的各种"忠节"者,尤其抗清殉节者。清代安庆方志中"忠节"书写的不断变化,体现了满清政权为重构易代之际历史,重建伦理道德秩序,以确立在意识形态领域的统治,而逐步调整针对抗清殉节者的旌表政策,最终采用以"教化"而"去政治化"的历史书写范式的过程。当然,体现清廷意志的国家话语贯彻到方志书写的过程中,也不可避免地会与凸显地方意识的地方话语产生纠缠甚至争夺,并最终在"教化"的层面上趋向了一致。

The historical writing about loyal deeds in local chronicles of Anqing during Qing Dynasty records deeds of loyal adherents during the periods of historical changes,especially of the anti-Qing martyrs participating in the Nan-ming regime.The writing about loyal martyrs in Anqing local chronicles had changed in Qing reflects the reconstruction of the history,reestablish of the ethical and moral order at the early years of Qing,for Qing dominated ideological field.Then government took honor policies for those anti-Qing martyrs.Finally,the historical writing pattern of the enlightening education was formed,which had been implemented in the writing of local chronicles.Of course,the national discourse reflecting the will of the Qing Dynasty had been carried out in the process of the local chronicle writing,which inevitably entangled or even competed with the local discourse highlighting the local consciousness,and finally both of them tend to converge in the enlightening education.