0~3岁婴幼儿视力异常现况调查及影响因素分析

Status and its influencing factors of vision abnormality in infants aged 0-3

目的调查分析襄阳市0~3岁婴幼儿视力异常发生率及其影响因素,为视力异常的防制提供科学依据。方法选取襄阳市中医医院预防保健科门诊体检婴幼儿2450名,采用美国伟伦公司Suresight手持验光仪对0~3岁婴幼儿进行屈光检查。同时对婴幼儿家长进行视力异常相关因素问卷调查,应用Logistic回归分析模型进行影响因素分析。结果调查对象视力异常检出率为23.6%,其中男童检出率为24.7%,女童检出率为22.2%,男女童检出率比较差异无统计学意义(χ^2=0.185,P=0.682):不同年龄组间视力异常检出率比较差异有统计学意义(χ^2=18.468,P=0.008)。夜间户外活动时间、父母视力情况、每天睡眠时间、早产低体重为视力异常的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论0~3岁婴幼儿视力问题不容忽视,视觉环境和遗传因素都会影响婴幼儿的视力健康,应培养婴幼儿良好的生活作息规律,减少视力异常的发生。

Objective To investigate and analyze the incidence and influencing factors of vision abnormality of 0-3-year-old infants in Xiangyang,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of vision abnormality.Methods A total of 2450 physical examination 0-3-year-old infants admitted to the Department of Health in Xiangyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected for refractive examination using the US Wellen Suresight handheld refractometer.The parents of infants were investigated by questionnaire,and the influencing factors were analyzed by logistic regression analysis model.Results The detection rate of vision abnormality was 23.6%,of which 24.7%was in boys and 22.2%in girls.There was no significant difference in the detection rate between boys and girls(χ^2=0.185,P=0.682).There was significant difference in the detection rate of vision abnormality between different age groups(χ^2=18.468,P=0.008).The time of outdoor activities at night,the condition of parents’eyesight,the time of sleeping every day and the low weight of premature were the influencing factors(P<0.05).Conclusions Vision problems of 0-3-year-old infants can not be ignored.Visual environment and genetic factors can affect the vision health of infants.It is necessary to cultivate a good life routine of infants and reduce the occurrence of vision abnormality.