未实现的和解:1949年中美南京商谈探析

Unrealized Reconciliation: On the China-America Nanjing Talks in 1949

解放战争后期,中国共产党取得政权的态势渐趋明朗。在美苏对抗的冷战格局下,美国担忧中国变成苏联的附庸,开始灵活的调整其对华战略,同意驻华大使司徒雷登留在南京与中共领导人接触进行和解的尝试。但由于双方利益根本冲突,美国不可能放弃在华既得利益也无法跨越意识形态的鸿沟,中国在冷战格局下急需找到可靠联盟来保障新中国的诞生和顺利建设,在这种情况下南京商谈无果而终。

In the late period of the Liberation War,the situation of the Communist Party of China gaining power became more and more clear. Under the Cold War situation of the confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union,the United States worried that China would become a vassal of the Soviet Union,and began to adjust their strategy to China flexibly. The U.S agreed that Ambassador Stuart Leiden would stay in Nanjing to try to reach out to the leaders of the Communist Party of China for reconciliation. However,due to the fundamental conflict of interests between the two sides,it is impossible for the United States to give up their vested interests in China and cross the ideological gap. Under the Cold War situation,China urgently needs to find a reliable alliance to ensure the birth and smooth construction of new China. In this case,Nanjing negotiation failed.