“苏学盛于北”说再考察

An Investigation on the View that Su's(苏)Scholarship is Popular in the Northern Area of China

“苏学盛于北”本是明清学者对北宋三苏父子特别是苏轼的文学、艺术在金朝统治的北方地区广泛传播情况的概括。但学界有一股倾向,认为这里的“苏学”不限于文学、艺术,还包括苏氏的经学著作、哲学思想。实际上,从苏氏经学著作的刊刻、宋金文化的交流、金朝科举的主流、金朝儒学发展的阶段性,以及金朝晚期理学与苏氏经学在北方地区的势力比较等方面来观察,苏氏的经学及其哲学思想在北方长期不受重视,晚期虽然得到一些大儒的青睐,但同时理学也“复苏”过来,理学势力明显在苏氏经学之上。因此,那种试图把“苏学盛于北”的“学”扩大到儒家经学层面的做法,并不符合实际。“苏学盛于北”说只适用于文学艺术层面,而不能说在儒家经学和哲学方面也可以应用。

Originally the phenomenon that the literature and art of Sushi(苏轼),his father and his brother had been widely spread in the northern area of China,were summarized by some scholars in the Ming and Qing Dynasties as“Su's(苏)scholarship being popular in the northern area of China”.However,the academic circles tended to think that Su's scholarship here is not limited to literature and art,it also includes Su's classics studies and philosophical thoughts.As a matter of fact,Su's classics studies and philosophical thoughts had been neglected for a long time in northern China,which can be seen from the following aspects,namely the publishing of Su's classics works,the cultural exchange of the Song and Jin(金)Dynasties,the mainstream of imperial examination in Jin,the stage of development of Confucianism in Jin,and the comparison of influence of the Neo-Confucianism with Su's classics studies in late Jin Dynasty.Although Su's classics studies and philosophical thoughts were appreciated by some great Confucian scholars in late Jin,the Neo-Confucianism was more influential than Su's classics studies.Therefore,it is not appropriate to include the classics studies when mentioning“Su's(苏)scholarship being popular in the northern area of China”.