关于煤炭工业绿色发展战略的若干思考--基于生态修复视角

Some thoughts on green development strategy of coal industry:from aspects of ecological restoration

煤炭工业正面临着前所未有的环境压力。在生态文明建设、绿色发展已经成为国家战略的新形势下,作为我国主要能源的煤炭工业一定要走绿色发展的道路。从煤炭开采对环境影响的不可避免性和严峻性以及国家绿色发展战略要求的紧迫性等方面阐述了煤炭工业绿色发展的必要性和紧迫性。从主动履行生态修复义务、全生命周期生态修复、开采与环境保护协同发展、边采边复、差异化治理、清洁循环利用和创新发展等方面提出了煤炭工业绿色发展战略的几点思考。认为主动履行生态修复义务是绿色矿山建设的前提,贯穿地质勘探、矿山设计、矿山生产、闭矿4个阶段的煤炭资源开发全生命周期生态修复是实现整体保护系统修复的基础,采复一体化与差异化的治理战略是确保绿色矿山高效建设的保障,清洁利用与创新发展是绿色矿山建设与可持续发展的动力。建议将企业主动履行生态修复和实施绿色开采作为衡量矿山是否是绿色矿山的2大核心指标;全生命周期生态修复、边采边复和差异化治理作为绿色发展的核心战略;以协同发展、创新发展作为绿色发展的核心理念。在矿山设计与生产计划中增加生态修复与绿色开采内容作为当前绿色发展迫切要解决的问题。

The coal industry is facing unprecedented environmental pressure. The construction of ecological civilization and green development have become the national strategy,therefore,the coal industry,as the main energy resource in China,must take the road of green and sustainable development inevitably. This paper expounds the necessity and urgency of the green development of coal industry from the aspects of the inevitability and severity of the impact of coal mining on the environment and the urgency of the national green development strategy. Some thoughts on the green development strategy of coal industry was proposed,which are fulfilling the obligation of ecological restoration,green mining,full life cycle ecological restoration,coordinated development of mining and environmental protection,concurrent mining and reclamation,differential treatment,clean recycling and innovative development. To fulfill the obligation of ecological restoration is the premise of green mine construction;the ecological restoration of coal resources development in the whole life cycle through the four stages of geological exploration,mine design,mine production and mine closure is the basis for the restoration of the overall protection and systematic restoration;the management strategy of differentiation of reclamation treatment and concurrent mining reclamation is the guarantee of efficient construction of green mines;and clean utilization and innovative development are the driving force of green mine construction and sustainable development. We proposed that coal enterprises should take the initiative to implement ecological restoration and green mining as the two core indicators to measure whether a mine is a green mine. The core strategy of green development is full life cycle ecological restoration,concurrent mining and reclamation and differential governance,and the core idea of green development is collaborative development and innovative development. It is an urgent problem to increase the content of ecological restoration and green mining in mine design and planning.