黄土高原矿区边坡生态恢复治理研究--PVC板材格构锚杆梁植被种植保障技术

Research on slope ecological restoration and management in mining areas on loess plateau:planting support technology of PVC plates lattice anchor beam

为了保护黄土高原矿区生态环境,解决传统工程措施景观效果差且随时间推移结构易失效的问题,采用植被进行坡面保护和侵蚀控制的边坡生态恢复治理,可以实现长期有效地固土护坡以及美化环境的功能。针对当前黄土高原矿区边坡生态恢复植被种植保障结构构筑物自重大,且后期存在强度损伤缺陷的问题,基于PVC板材具有耐酸、耐碱、耐盐、原材料丰富、质量小、对环境友好无危害、更好的耐久性,以及运输成本、施工工期、后期养护综合优势大的特点,提出了基于PVC板材格构锚杆梁的边坡生态恢复治理植被种植保障技术,阐述了其结构设计和施工方法,并整理了黄土高原矿区各植被分带区典型植被,提出了采用灌草型植被群落类型进行坡面生态恢复,辅以乔木进行多级平台生态恢复。结果表明:基于PVC板材格构锚杆梁的边坡生态恢复治理植被种植保障技术改善了传统施工工艺,结构简单,施工方法步骤简便,在保证结构完整性的基础上,自重较小,景观效果好,植被恢复率高,不仅起到坡面防护效果,还能提高边坡稳定性,应用前景广阔。研究成果对于进一步揭示基于PVC板材格构锚杆梁的植被护坡机理,以及黄土高原矿区边坡生态恢复治理研究,实现黄土高原矿区区域经济可持续发展具有重要意义。

In order to protect ecological environment of loess plateau mining area and solve problem that traditional engineering measures have poor landscape effect and structure is prone to failure over time,slope ecological restoration and management by using vegetation for slope protection and erosion control can realize long-term effective function of soil retaining and slope protection and environmental protection. In view of current of loess plateau mining areas of slope ecological recovery vegetation planting support structures with large weight,and late strength damage defects problem,based on PVC plates with acid and alkali resistance,salt resistance,rich raw materials,low quality,no harm,better durability,friendly to environment and features of comprehensive advantages of transportation cost,construction period and later maintenance,this paper proposes vegetation planting support technology of PVC plates lattice anchor beam,expounds its structure design and construction method,and sorts out typical vegetation in each vegetation zone in loess plateau mining area. The slope ecological restoration is carried out by type of shrub vegetation community and multi-stage platform ecological restoration is carried out by trees. The results show that: vegetation planting support technology by using PVC plates lattice anchor beam improves traditional construction technology with its simple structure and construction procedures,in which,on basis of integrity of structure,with small weight,good landscape effect and high rate of vegetation recovery rate,it is not only effective in slope protection but also in slope stability,which is promising in future in application. The research results are of great significance for further revealing mechanism of planting support technology of PVC plates lattice anchor beam,researching ecological restoration and management of slope in loess plateau mining area,and realizing sustainable development of regional economy in loess plateau mining area.