湖南省生态旅游与旅游环境耦合协调关系研究

Research on the Coupling and Coordination Relationship between Eco-tourism and Tourism Environment in Hunan Province

生态旅游与旅游环境的协调发展对维护生态平衡与促进生态旅游高质量发展具有重要意义,研究区域内旅游与环境的共生关系可为目的地生态旅游的可持续发展提供科学依据。为解决旅游与环境和谐共生的矛盾、弥补生态旅游与旅游环境协调关系研究的不足,以湖南省为案例地,构建了生态旅游与旅游环境的综合评价衡量指标体系,运用熵值赋权法和综合评价法测算2006—2017年湖南省14个市州的生态旅游与旅游环境发展的综合评价指数,借助耦合协调度模型、ArcGIS10.5软件对湖南省各市州生态旅游与旅游环境耦合协调的时空演变规律进行了分析。结果表明:1)湖南省生态旅游与旅游环境耦合度较低,2006—2017年均处于拮抗阶段,时间维度变化不明显,系统协同发展度较低。2)从生态旅游与旅游环境耦合协调度总体时空演变来看,整体上湖南省耦合协调水平较低,耦合协调类型介于高度耦合和中度耦合之间,整体分异较小,且耦合协调度波动幅度大于耦合度。3)从具体协调度内容来看,呈现出不同等级的分异规律,以轻度失调、濒临失调、基本协调三种类型为主。空间尺度发展不均衡,未形成良好的互动机制,生态旅游与旅游环境的融合度有待提高。在研究结论的基础上,提出湖南省生态旅游发展的建议,以期为促进湖南省生态旅游的健康发展提供参考依据。

The coordinated development of eco-tourism and tourism environment is of great significance to maintain the ecological balance and promote the high-quality development of eco-tourism.The study on the symbiotic relationship between tourism and environment in the region can provide a scientific basis for the sustainable development of destination tourism.The purpose is to solve the contradiction between tourism and environment harmonious coexistence,and make up for the research shortage of the harmony between eco-tourism and tourism environment.Taking Hunan province as an example,the comprehensive evaluation index system of eco-tourism and tourism environment is constructed.Entropy value method and comprehensive evaluation method were used to comprehensively evaluate the development status of eco-tourism and tourism environment in 14 cities of Hunan province from 2006 to 2017.Coupling coordination degree model and ArcGIS10.5 software were used to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution of coupling coordination between eco-tourism and tourism environment in various cities and prefectures in Hunan province.The results show that:1)The coupling degree of eco-tourism and tourism environment in Hunan province is low,the annual average from 2006 to 2017 is in the antagonistic stage,the time dimension changes are not obvious,and the degree of system collaborative development is low.2)From the overall space-time evolution of the coupling coordination degree of eco-tourism and tourism environment,the coupling coordination level of Hunan province is relatively low on the whole.The coupling coordination type is between high coupling and medium coupling,the overall differentiation is small,and the fluctuation range of coupling coordination degree is greater than that of coupling degree.3)From the specific content of the degree of coordination,there are different levels of differentiation,with mild disorders,near disorders,basic coordination of three types.The development of spatial scale is not balanced,and a good interaction mechanism has not been formed,so the integration degree of eco-tourism and tourism environment needs to be improved.On the basis of the research conclusion,some suggestions are put forward to promote the sustainable development of eco-tourism in Hunan province,so as to provide reference for the healthy development of eco-tourism in Hunan province.