妨害疫情防控行为的刑法适用之体系解释

Systematic Interpretation of the Application of the Criminal Law on Obstructing Epidemic Prevention and Control

国家司法机关制定发布的妨害疫情防控刑事司法意见是一种刑法适用性解释,与规范性司法解释相比,其具有间接的法律适用效力。从刑法体系解释角度看,有关妨害疫情防控的刑法规范、司法解释与司法意见应当是相互协调的。对刑事司法意见的适用进行解释应当遵循整体性、动态性、协调性原则,并运用同类解释规则、同一解释规则、排他解释规则,对以危险方法危害公共安全罪、妨害传染病防治罪、妨害公务罪等相关罪名进行适用性解释,实现严格依法从重处罚和宽严相济。

The criminal judicial opinions on obstructing the epidemic prevention and control formulated and issued by the national judicial organs are an interpretation about the application of criminal law,which has indirect effect on legal application compared with normative judicial interpretations.From the perspective of systematic interpretation of criminal law,the criminal law norms,judicial interpretations and judicial opinions on obstructing the epidemic prevention and control should be coordinated.The interpretation of the application of criminal judicial opinions should follow the principle of integrity,dynamic,coordination,and the interpretation of application of relevant crimes such as the crime of endangering public security by dangerous means,the crime of obstructing the prevention and control of infectious diseases and the crime of obstructing public service should follow the interpretation rules of similarity,identicalness and exclusion,so as to impose heavier punishment and realize the tempered justice with mercy.