ABO血型正反定型及交叉配血实验在外科病人手术输血中应用

Application of ABO Blood Group Positive and Negative Typing and Cross Matching Test in the Surgical Transfusion

目的:探讨ABO血型正反定型及交叉配血实验在外科手术患者输血中的应用效果及影响因素。方法:选取我院自2017年2月-2019年2月收治的80例行ABO正反定型与交叉配血治疗的外科手术患者,记录ABO反定型与交叉配血不合的标本,使用2-Me处理被患者自身冷抗体凝集的红细胞,同时使用微柱凝胶法、凝聚胺法对血型不规则抗体以及特异性进行筛选和鉴定。分析ABO血型反定型不符合以及交叉配血不合的影响因素。结果:对正反定型完全无凝集反应的80例血清标本进行交叉配血实验,其中8例存在凝集反应,配血不合情况;导致外科手术患者输血中ABO血型反定型不符交叉配血不合的主要因素包括自身冷抗体、血型抗原性减弱、血型不规则抗体以及血型抗体效价减弱等。结论:ABO血型正反定型及交叉配血治疗中的患者中,大部分配血一致,少数的交叉配血不合,主要与自身冷抗体、血型抗原性减弱、血型不规则抗体以及血型抗体效价减弱等因素相关。

Objective:To explore the application effect and influencing factors of ABO blood group positive and negative stereotypes and cross-matching blood test in blood transfusion of surgical patients.Methods:Eighty patients who underwent ABO positive and negative stereotypes and cross-matching treatments from February 2017 to February 2019 in our hospital.The specimens with ABO anti-type and cross-matching were recorded.Red blood cells agglutinated by the patient's own cold antibody were treated with 2-Me,and the blood group uses the microcolumn gel method and the condensed amine method were used to screen and identify blood type irregular antibodies and specificity.Analyze the influencing factors of ABO blood group inversion and cross-matching.Results:Eighty-eight of serum samples with no agglutination reaction in the positive and negative stereotypes were cross-matching experiments.Eight of them had agglutination reaction and mismatched blood.The main factors leading to the inconsistency of ABO blood group inversion in transfusion in urgical patients include self-cold antibodies,weaker blood group antigens,irregular blood antibodies,and weaker titer of blood group antibody.Conclusion:Among the patients with ABO blood group positive and negative stereotypes and cross-matching blood treatment,most of them have the same blood distribution,and a few cross-matching bloods are not combined.The reason is mainly related to factors such as self-cold antibody,weaker blood group antigenicity,blood type irregular antibody and blood type antibody titer.