江苏北部某村农民高血压的危险因素及控制情况分析

Risk Factors and Control condition of Hypertension among Farmers in a Village in Northern Jiangsu

目的:研究江苏北部某村农民高血压的危险因素及控制情况,为农村高血压疾病的防控提供更多的参考依据。方法:选择2018年1月~2018年12月江苏北部某村124名农民高血压患者作为观察组,124名非高血压人群作为对照组,通过应用单因素和多因素分析方法分析其高血压发病的主要危险因素,并统计其血压控制情况。结果:单因素分析结果显示超重或肥胖(OR=6.038,P<0.001)、高盐饮食(OR=6.167,P<0.001)、高油饮食(OR=9.626,P=0.002)、家族史(OR=8.008,P<0.001)、缺乏体育锻炼(OR=4.202,P<0.001)、吸烟(OR=3.067,P<0.001)等因素与该村农民高血压发生显著相关。多因素分析结果显示超重或肥胖(Exp(B)=3.931,P<0.001)、家族史(Exp(B)=6.212,P<0.001)、高盐饮食(Exp(B)=2.257,P<0.001)、缺乏体育锻炼(Exp(B)=3.393,P=0.007)、吸烟(Exp(B)=2.513,P=0.018)是该村农民高血压发生的危险因素。124例高血压患者的血压控制率为47.58%(59/124),不同性别和年龄段农民高血压患者的血压控制率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:高血压发病是遗传因素和生活习惯共同作用的结果,超重或肥胖、高盐饮食、缺乏体育锻炼、吸烟是农村地区高血压发病的危险因素。农村高血压的控制情况一般,需引起重视。

Objective: To study the risk factors and control condition of hypertension among farmers in a village in northern Jiangsu, and to provide effective more reference for the prevention and control condition of hypertension in rural areas. Methods: From January 2018 to December 2018, 124 peasants with hypertension in a village in northern Jiangsu were selected as the observation group,and124 non-hypertension person as the control group. The main risk factors of hypertension in peasants were analyzed by single factor and multi-factor analysis method, and their blood pressure control was counted. Results: Univariate analysis showed that overweight or obesity(OR=6.038, P<0.001), high-salt diet(OR=6.167, P<0.001), high-oil diet(OR=9.626, P=0.002), family history(OR=8.008, P<0.001), lack of physical exercise(OR=4.202, P<0.001), and smoking(OR=3.067, P<0.001) were significantlyassociated with hypertension in the village. Multivariate analysis showed that overweight or obesity(Exp(B)=3.931, P<0.001), family history(Exp(B)=6.212, P<0.001),high-salt diet(Exp(B)=2.257, P<0.001), lack of physical exercise(Exp(B)=3.393, P=0.007), smoking(Exp(B)=2.513, P=0.018) were the main risk factors for hypertension in the village. The blood pressure control rate of 124 hypertensive patients was 47.58%(59/124). There was no significant difference in blood pressure control rate among the hypertensive patients of different genders and age groups(P>0.05).Conclusion: Hypertension is the result of a combination of genetic factors and lifestyle habits. Overweight or obesity, high salt diet, lack of physical exercise, and smoking are risk factors for hypertension in rural areas. The control of hypertension in rural areas is general and needs to be taken seriously.