老年心力衰竭病人不良心理状况及其相关危险因素分析

Analysis of adverse psychological status and related risk factors in elderly patients with heart failure

目的探究老年心力衰竭(心衰)病人不良心理状况及其相关危险因素。方法选择2017~2018年我院心血管内科收治的老年心衰病人162例,采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表和汉密尔顿抑郁量表评估病人的心理状况;分析老年心衰病人焦虑、抑郁的相关危险因素。结果 162例病人中,焦虑者38例,占比23. 46%;抑郁者43例,占比26. 54%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:文化程度在初中及以下、NYHA分级Ⅳ级、独居、经济状况较差是老年心衰病人焦虑的独立危险因素(P <0. 05);文化程度在初中及以下、NYHA分级Ⅳ级、经济状况较差是老年心衰病人抑郁的独立危险因素(P <0. 05)。结论老年心衰病人焦虑、抑郁的发生率较高,应给予文化程度在初中及以下、NYHA分级Ⅳ级、独居、经济状况较差的病人更多的关注。

Objective To explore the adverse psychological status and related risk factors of the elderly patients with heart failure. Methods A total of 162 elderly patients with heart failure were selected from January 2017 to December 2018 in the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of our hospital. Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)and Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)were used to assess the anxiety and depression of the patients. The related risk factors of anxiety and depression in the elderly patients with heart failure were analyzed. Results Among the 162 patients,38 cases(23. 46%)presented with anxiety;43 cases(26. 54%)presented with depression. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the degree of education in junior high school and below,grade Ⅳ of New York Heart Association(NYHA)living alone and poor economic status were independent risk factors for anxiety in the elderly patients with heart failure(P < 0. 05),and the degree of education in junior high school and below,grade Ⅳ of NYHA and poor economic status were independent risk factors for depression(P < 0. 05). Conclusions The incidence of anxiety and depression in the elderly patients with heart failure is high,more attention should be paid to the patients with education in junior high school and below,grade Ⅳ of NYHA and poor economic status,or living alone.