海安市七星湖社区H型高血压患病率调查及危险因素分析

Prevalence and Risk Factors for H-type Hypertension in Qixinghu Community of Haian City

目的调查海安市七星湖社区H型高血压的发生情况及相关危险因素,为未来社区高血压防治工作的开展提供新的参考依据。方法2019-01/03调查海安市七星湖社区卫生服务中心的居民健康档案登记在册的所有高血压患者,采用自制的调查问卷收集调查对象的一般情况、疾病史和行为生活方式等资料,采用卡方检验及独立样本t检验进行组间比较,采用二元Logistic回归分析影响H型高血压发生的危险因素。结果本次共有908例高血压患者纳入统计分析。空腹血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、血肌酐、血尿素氮和血尿酸均值分别为(6.26±1.87)mmol/L、(4.79±2.52)mmol/L、(1.85±1.44)mmol/L、(2.79±0.84)mmol/L、(1.71±0.61)mmol/L、(77.68±22.89)mmol/L、(5.61±2.91)mmol/L和(383.07±94.13)mmol/L。调查对象同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平为(15.73±9.03)mmol/L,根据Hcy结果筛查出H型高血压患病率为4.46%,占所有高血压患者的41.03%。多因素分析显示,患者男性(OR=1.97,95%CI:1.52~2.95)、高龄(OR=1.076,95%CI:1.057~1.096)、有吸烟史(OR=1.182,95%CI:1.081~1.292)、血尿酸水平高(OR=1.002,95%CI:1.000~1.004)、血肌酐水平高(OR=1.033,95%CI:1.023~1.043)相比于低龄患者、无吸烟史、低尿酸水平、低血肌酐水平的H性高血压发生风险更大。结论七星湖社区高血压患者的Hcy水平偏高,尽管H型高血压患病率较低,但其在高血压中占较高的比例,且存在较多的危险因素较多。社区防治需进行针对性的健康教育及干预,将对心血管事件的防范产生积极的影响。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and related risk factors on H-type hypertension in Qixinghu community of Haian city so as to provide a new reference basis for the prevention and treatment of hypertension in the community in the future.Method From January 2019 to March2019,all patients with hypertension registered in the health records of residents of qixinghu community health service center in hai’an city were investigated.Self-made questionnaires were used to collect the data of general situation,disease history,behavior and lifestyle of the respondents.Chi-square test and independent sample t test were used for comparison between groups,and binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the occurrence of h-type hypertension.Results A total of 908 patients with hypertension were included in the statistical analysis.The mean values of fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein(LDL),high density lipoprotein(HDL),serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen and serum uric acid were(6.26±1.87)mmol/L,(4.79±2.52)mmol/L,(1.85±1.44)mmol/L,(2.79±0.84)mmol/L,(1.71±0.61)mmol/L,(77.68±22.89)mol/L,(5.61±2.91)mmol/L and(383.07±94.13)mol/L,respectively.The serum level of homocysteine(Hcy)in hypertension patients was(15.73±9.03)mol/L.According to the Hcy results,the prevalence rate of H-type hypertension was 4.46%,accounting for 41.03%of all patients with hypertension.Multivariate analysis showed that men(reference group:women,OR=1.97,95%CI:1.52-2.95),elderly patients(reference group:younger patients,OR=1.076,95%CI:1.057-1.096),smoking history(reference group:no smoking history,OR=1.182,95%CI:1.081-1.292),high serum uric acid level(reference group:low uric acid level,OR=1.002,95%CI:1.000-1.004),and high serum creatinine level(reference group:low serum creatinine OR=1.033,95%CI:1.023-1.043)were associated with H-type hypertension.Conclusion The serum level of Hcy of hypertension patients is relatively high in Qixinghu community.Although the prevalence of Htype hypertension is low,it accounts for a high proportion in hypertension and has many risk factors.Therefore,health education and intervention should be carried out in community,which will have a positive impact on the prevention of cardiovascular events.