台湾作业治疗硕士研究生教育模式对大陆地区作业治疗高等教育的启示

Enlightenment of Taiwan occupational therapy postgraduate education on higher education in China's Mainland

作业治疗作为康复治疗的亚专业之一,以作业活动作为治疗媒介或目的,以生活参与为治疗目标,满足了日渐增长的康复需求。多个国家和地区根据世界作业治疗师联盟(World Federation of Occupational Therapists,WFOT)制定的《作业治疗师培养教育最低标准》(minimum standards for the education of occupational therapists)制订了符合自己国家或地区特色的教育标准,并结合当地文化与制度进行人才培养。相比较而言,我国大陆地区作业治疗师数量严重不足,人才培养相对滞后,受教育程度参差不齐,而中国香港、台湾地区,作业治疗学已经有独立的教育体系,人才培养模式相对成熟。本文在总结实践经历和检阅相关文献的基础上,从学制与认证、招生对象、课程设置及授课方式对中国大陆和台湾的作业治疗硕士研究生教育进行比较分析,为大陆地区作业治疗人才培养制度的完善提供参考。

Occupational therapy,as one of the important subdisciplines of rehabilitation therapy,takes occupational activities as the medium or purpose of treatment and life participation as the goal of treatment to meet the growing demand for rehabilitation.According to the Minimum Standards for the Education of Occupational Therapists developed by the World Federation of Occupational Therapists,many countries and regions have formulated educational standards that meet their own national or regional characteristics.Comparatively,the number of occupational therapists is seriously insufficient,the talents cultivation is relatively lagging behind,and the education level is uneven in China's Mainland;while in Hongkong and Taiwan,occupational therapy has an independent education system and a relatively mature talent training model.This study summarized the practical experience and reviewed the relevant literature.Based on the summary and review,we made a comparative analysis of postgraduate education in China's Mainland and Taiwan from the aspects of educational system and accreditation,enrollment objects,curriculum setting and teaching methods,which would provide a reference for the improvement of occupational therapy personnel training system in China's Mainland.