2008-2018年四川省职业性耳鼻喉疾病特征分析

Characteristics of Occupational Ear Nose and Throat Diseases in Sichuan Province From 2008 to 2018

目的了解四川省职业性耳鼻喉疾病分布特征,为今后职业性耳鼻喉疾病防治工作提供数据基础。方法对四川省2008-2018年职业性耳鼻喉诊断病例进行回顾性分析。结果2008-2018年四川省共报告职业性耳鼻喉疾病686例,以职业性噪声聋为主656例(95.63%),多为男性634例(92.42%),年龄在40~49岁年龄段最多362例(52.77%),工龄以5~14年最多375例(54.67%),病例主要集中在德阳市310例(45.19%)和成都市216例(31.49%),行业分布以非金属矿采选业最多85例(12.39%),病例所属企业经济类型国有经济企业为主304例(44.31%),企业规模以大型企业为主257例(37.46%)。结论四川省职业性耳鼻喉疾病人数从2015年显著增加,以职业性噪声聋为主。应对企业、职业健康体检机构、职业病诊断机构建立有效的监管机制,减少四川省职业性耳鼻喉疾病的发生。

Objectives To understand the distribution characteristics of occupational ear nose and throat(ENT)diseases in Sichuan Province in order to provide data basis for future prevention and treatment of occupational ENT diseases.Methods A retrospective analysis of occupational ENT diseases in Sichuan province from 2008 to 2018 was performed.Results A total of 686 cases of occupational ENT diseases were reported.The top ENT disease was occupational noise induced deafness(656 cases,95.63%).The number of reported cases of male(634 cases,92.42%)was higher than that of female.The age group of 40-49 years accounted for 52.77%of the total cases.As for working ages,5-14 years accounted for the largest proportion(375 cases,54.67%).Most cases concentrated in Deyang(310 cases,45.19%)and Chengdu(216 cases,31.49%)of Sichuan Province.The occupational disease cases reported in state-owned economic enterprises(304 cases),large corporations(257 cases),and non-metallic mining industry(85 cases)accounted for 44.31%,37.46%,and 12.39%,respectively.Conclusion The number of occupational ENT diseases increased significantly from 2015 in Sichuan Province.Most cases are Occupational noise induced deafness.Effective supervision mechanism should be established for enterprises,occupational health examination institutions and occupational disease diagnosis institutions to reduce the incidence of occupational ENT diseases in Sichuan Province.