天津市HIV阳性MSM生活状况及社会支持情况定性访谈分析

Qualitative Interview Analysis of Living Conditions and Social Support of HIV-positive MSM in Tianjin City

目的了解男男性行为者(MSM)感染HIV后生活状况变化及社会支持获得情况,为进一步制定更有效和针对性的社会支持策略提拱依据。方法通过天津市疾病预防控制中心与社会组织自主招募HIV阳性MSM,采用半结构化访谈提纲对其进行个人深入访谈,收集资料并进行总结分析。结果共招募26名HIV阳性MSM,年龄中位数为30岁,受访者自述感染HIV后存在恐艾心理、自杀倾向、压抑情绪、结婚生子压力、社交范围减小及更换工作现象的分别占46.3%、7.7%、34.6%、38.5%、26.9%和15.4%。获得家庭支持、朋友支持、病友支持、工作单位支持、社会组织支持及医疗机构支持的比例分别为53.8%、38.5%、46.2%、7.7%、34.6%和3.8%。受访者获得1种社会支持及2种以上社会支持的分别占38.5%和50.0%。结论HIV感染对MSM生活影响广泛,社会支持可减轻其生活负担及心理压力,但天津市HIV阳性MSM人群整体社会支持利用度不充分,需加强工作单位及医疗机构的支持,为其建立一个全面系统的社会支持体系。

Objective To understand the changes in life and social support of Men who have sex with men(MSM)after HIV infection,and to provide evidence to formulate further strategies of social support more effective and targeted.Methods Through the Tianjin CDC and the local social organizations,HIV-positive MSM was recruited,and individual in-depth interviews were conducted to collect data for summary analysis.Results A total of 26 HIV-positive MSM were recruited,with a median age of 30.Respondents reported that the proportions of fear of AIDS,suicidal tendencies,depressed emotions,marriage and child pressure,social size reduction and work-related phenomena after infection with HIV were 46.3%,7.7%,34.6%,38.5%,26.9%,15.4%.The proportions of family support,friend support,patient support,peer support,other social support and medical institution support were 53.8%,38.5%,46.2%,7.7%,34.6%and 3.8%.The proportion of respondents who received one or two more social supports were 38.5%and 50.0%respectively.Conclusion The HIV infection has a wide influence on the life of MSM,and social support can reduce the burden of life and psychological pressure.However,the overall social support of HIV-positive MSM population in Tianjin is not fully utilized,so it is necessary to strengthen the support of work units and medical institutions to establish a comprehensive and systematic social support system for them.