静电场模拟实验的教学研究

Teaching research on simulation experiment of electrostatic field

用稳恒电流场模拟静电场是理工科大学生的必修物理实验.在传统的物理实验教学中,一般使用等臂记录法获取实验数据,然后根据等势电压与等势圆半径的对数的线性关系,进而求出内圆柱电极半径和外环电极内半径.本文根据实验数据的特点,分别使用指数拟合法、二元线性回归法和A类不确定度法同时处理用稳恒电流场模拟静电场中得出的实验数据,给出稳恒电流场模拟静电场实验的误差分析.通过对比,对数据处理方法在实验教学中的应用进行了相关分析和研究.

Simulation of electrostatic field with a steady current field is a very classic general physics experiment. In the traditional physics experiment, the experimental data was generally recorded by an equal arm recording method, and then the inner cylinder radius and the outer ring inner radius were obtained according to the linear relationship between the equipotential voltage and the logarithm of the equipotential circle radius. According to the characteristics of the experimental data, the exponential fitting method, the binary linear regression method and the A-type uncertainty method are simultaneously sued to process of the experimental data obtained by simulating the electrostatic field with the steady current field. The static current field is simulated and error analysis of field experiments is given. Through comparison, the application and analysis of data processing methods in experiments are carried out.