性别化的亲环境行为——性别平等意识与环境问题感知的中介效应分析

Gendered Pro-environmental Behavior:Analysis of the Mediation Effects of Gender Equality Awareness and Perception of Environmental Problem

在亲环境行为的异质性讨论中,性别视角的检视揭示出不同文化背景下性别化亲环境行为的复杂性。基于2013年中国综合社会调查数据的分析,本文从内在价值和外部环境两个维度入手就性别与中国公众亲环境行为的关系进行澄清。前者关注性别平等意识,后者聚焦环境问题感知。研究发现:女性在私人领域更加积极地参与亲环境行为,男性则在公共领域更为突出。性别平等意识对于私人领域的积极意义甚于公共领域,环境问题感知对于公私领域都产生显著影响。在私人领域中,女性得到性别平等意识的正向强化,却在更大程度上遭遇环境问题感知的负向消解。在公共领域中,男性则主要受到环境问题感知的积极中介效应影响。

Discussions on the heterogeneity of pro-environmental behavior from the gender perspective reveal the complexity of gendered pro-environmental behaviors under different cultural backgrounds.Our analysis of the 2013 CGSS data clarifies the relationship between gender and pro-environmental behavior in Chinese society by testing the mediation effects of the intrinsic value and the external environment.We use gender equality awareness to represent the intrinsic value factor and the perception of environmental problems to represent the external environmental factor.Results indicate that Chinese women are more actively involved in pro-environmental behaviors in the private sphere,while men are more active in the public sphere.Gender equality awareness is more influential in the private sphere than the public sphere,while the perception of the environmental problem has a significant impact on both spheres.In the private sphere,women’s pro-environmental behavior is strengthened by more gender equality awareness but compromised more greatly by a lower level of environmental problem perception.As for the public sphere,males’pro-environmental behavior is mainly mediated by a higher level of environmental problem perception.