水库建设对世界自然遗产地的影响预测评价——以贵州赤水丙安水库为例

Prediction Impact Assessment of Reservoir Construction on World Natural Heritage--A Case Study of Bing’an Reservoir,Chishui,Guizhou

建设项目的环境影响评价是项目前期可行性研究的重要内容,世界自然遗产地为全人类共同关注的自然保护地,在世界自然遗产地内或周边建设水库需要开展水库对世界自然遗产的影响专题评价。文章以丙安水库对中国丹霞赤水世界自然遗产地的影响为例,从美学价值、地质地貌价值、生物生态价值、完整性和保护管理等方面预测其对该遗产地突出普遍价值的影响。结果表明:丙安水库项目位于赤水世界遗产地的缓冲区,对遗产地美学价值载体、财产清单均不会产生直接影响,且其影响遗产地和缓冲区的视域范围均很小;因其位于遗产地下游,水库建设不会直接破坏遗产地的地质地貌形态,不会对遗产地的地貌演化和地质地貌价值产生直接影响。该研究为其他世界遗产地内及周边水库建设项目影响评价提供思路与方法。

Environmental impact assessment an important content of feasibility study in the early stage of construction projects. World nature heritage sites are special natural protected areas cared by all humankind. Impact assessment on the outstanding universal value of a world heritage site should be carried out for a reservoir to be constructed in or near a world heritage site. Using the impact of the Bing’an Reservoir on Chishui World Natural Heritage Site of "China Danxia" as an example, its impact on the outstanding universal value of the WH property was assessed from aspects of aesthetic value, geological and geomorphological value, ecological and biodiversity value, integrity, protection and management. It was found that the Bing’an Reservoir will be located in the buffer zone of Chishui World Heritage Property, which will cause no direct impact on the aesthetic value and property inventory of the property, and has little impact on vision interference of the property and its buffer zone;because it is located in the lower reach of the river from the property, the construction of the reservoir will not directly damage the geological and geomorphological morphology of the property, and will not have a direct impact on the geomorphological evolution and value of the property. This paper provides ideas and methods for the impact assessment of reservoir construction in or near other world natural heritage properties.