明代小说中女侠的形象与特点

The Image and Characteristics of Female Chivalrous in Novels of Ming Dynasty

“侠”与“侠客”的概念出现得很早,而“女侠”这一称谓的定义历来都存在争议。第一次出现将女性与“侠”字相连,是在宋代洪迈《夷坚志》中的《侠妇人》。《二侠传》与《女侠传》是晚明明确有“女侠”类别的两部作品,而前人尚未对这两部的篇目作比较分析。从目录上来看,《女侠传》较《二侠传》分类更为清晰精准;从内容上来看,前者较后者主题更为明确突出。

The concepts of"chivalrous man"and"knight-errant"appeared very early,while the definition of the appellation"female chivalrous"has always been controversial.The first time the word"chivalrous woman"was linked to women was in Chivalrous Woman in Hong Mai's Yi Jian Zhi in the Song Dynasty.Biography of Chivalrous Men and Female Chivalrous and Biography of Female Chivalrous are two works that clearly have the category of"female chivalrous"in the late Ming Dynasty.However,predecessors have not made a comparative analysis of the contents of these two works.Judging from the catalogue,the classification of Biography of Female Chivalrous is clearer and more accurate than that of Biography of Chivalrous Men and Female Chivalrous.From the content point of view,the former is more explicit and prominent than the latter.