6个蛋鸭品种产蛋性能比较分析

Comparision and Analysis of Egg Production Performance in Six Laying Duck Breeds

本实验对我国绍兴鸭、马踏湖鸭、金定鸭、褐色蛋鸭、江西山麻鸭和福建山麻鸭6个品种蛋鸭的72周产蛋性能和300日龄蛋品质进行比较分析,每个品种约700只。结果显示:在产蛋性能方面,金定鸭、江西山麻鸭和福建山麻鸭开产日龄极显著早于其他3个品种;江西山麻鸭和福建山麻鸭各时期产蛋量极显著高于其他4个品种,其中300日龄产蛋量分别达167.71、168.00个,500日龄产蛋量分别达到345.93、354.08个;6个品种蛋鸭产蛋率曲线均呈S形,且从产蛋初期到产蛋高峰期耗时短,产蛋高峰期持续时间长。在蛋品质方面,绍兴鸭(74.91 g)、马踏湖鸭(74.81 g)、金定鸭(72.50 g)、褐色蛋鸭(72.53g)蛋重极显著高于江西山麻鸭(69.55 g)和福建山麻鸭(67.88 g),马踏湖鸭、褐色蛋鸭的蛋白高度和哈氏单位最大,绍兴鸭蛋壳厚度和蛋壳强度最大,6个品种蛋形指数分布在1.35~1.42。本实验结果表明,江西山麻鸭和福建山麻鸭产蛋性能优于其他4个品种,绍兴鸭、马踏湖鸭蛋重较大,江西山麻鸭、福建山麻鸭蛋重较小。

In this study, we compared and analyzed the production performance and egg quality in six laying duck breeds, Shaoxing duck, Matahu duck, Jinding duck, Brown laying duck, Jiangxishanma duck and Fujianshanma duck. The results showed that, in production performance, the age at first egg of Jinding duck, Jiangxishanma duck and Fujianshanma duck were significantly earlier than that of other three breeds. The egg production of Jiangxishanma duck and Fujianshanma duck in all periods were significantly higher than that of other four breeds. In addition, the 300 d egg number of the two breeds respectively reached 167.71 and 168.00, and 500 d egg number of the two breeds respectively reached 345.93 and 354.08. The laying rate curves of the six breeds were similar, which showed an S shape. And the six breeds consumed a short time from early laying period to peak period and peak period sustained long. In egg quality aspect, the egg weight of Shaoxing duck(74.91 g), Matahu duck(74.81 g),Jinding duck(72.50 g) and Brown laying duck(72.53 g) were more than Jiangxishanma duck(69.55 g) and Fujianshanma duck(67.88 g) significantly. The albumen height and Haugh unit of Matahu duck and Brown laying duck were the highest while the shell thickness and shell strength of Shaoxing duck were the highest among six breeds. The egg shape of six breeds ranged from 1.35 to 1.42. In conclusion, the egg performance of Jiangxishanma and Fujianshanma were better than that of other four breeds obviously. The egg weight of Shaoxing duck and Matahu duck were heavier in six breeds while Jiangxishanma duck and Fujianshanma duck were lighter.