刺槐花代用茶加工工艺研究与品质分析

Technology Research and Quality Analysis on Substitute Tea of Robinia Pseudoacacia L. Flowers

为筛选出较适宜生产刺槐花代用茶的工艺,促进刺槐花资源的综合利用,采用晒青、烘青、炒青、白茶、红茶5种加工工艺制作刺槐花代用茶,进行感官评价及水浸出物、可溶性糖、蛋白质、游离氨基酸组分的测定与分析,探讨不同加工工艺对刺槐花代用茶品质的影响。结果表明:炒青工艺所制刺槐花代用茶水浸出物质量分数最高,为63.15%;炒青工艺、红茶工艺所制刺槐花代用茶可溶性糖质量分数最高,分别为38.29%、37.10%;蛋白质质量分数相对稳定,集中在18.70%~20.00%;白茶工艺、晒青工艺所制刺槐花代用茶游离氨基酸质量分数最高,分别为5.26%、5.10%;共检测到22种游离氨基酸组分,含6种必需氨基酸。感官评价以红茶工艺和炒青工艺条件下的刺槐花代用茶最佳,较适宜刺槐花代用茶的制备。

In order to screen out the suitable technology for the production of substitute tea of Robinia pseudoacacia L.flower and to promote comprehensive utilization of Robinia pseudoacacia L.flower resources,the Robinia pseudoacacia L.flower were used to produce substitute tea by five processing technologies with sun-dried green tea,baked green tea,fried green tea,white tea and black tea.There were carried out about the sensory evaluation and biochemical components including water extract,soluble sugar,protein and free amino acid by different processes.The effects of different processing techniques on the quality of substitute tea of Robinia pseudoacacia L.flowers were discussed.The results showed that the substitute tea had highest content of water extract with 63.15% which processed by fried green tea processing technology.The substitute teas had higher content of soluble sugar with 38.29% and 37.10% respectively which processed by fried green tea and black tea processing technologies.The protein contents were relatively stable and concentrated between 18.70% and 20.00%.The substitute teas had higher content of free amino acid with 5.26% and 5.10% respectively which processed by sundried green tea and white tea processing technologies.They were detected about 22 kinds of free amino acid components and including 6 kinds of essential amino acid from Robinia pseudoacacia L.flowers.The substitute teas had the best sensory quality which processed by black tea and fried green tea processing technologies.The fried green tea and black tea processing technology were suitable for the preparation of Robinia pseudoacacia L.flower substitute teas.