山东省18岁以上人群应对方式及影响因素现况调查

A cross-sectional study on coping styles and related factors among people over 18 years old in Shandong province

目的:调查了解山东省18岁以上人群的应对方式,分析影响人群应对方式的影响因素。方法:采用多阶段分层整群系统随机抽样法,抽取54个县(市、区)、98个街道(乡镇),共计98个村(居委会)的27913人,使用一般情况调查表和简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)进行调查。结果:调查对象积极应对得分平均(1.68±0.82)分,消极应对得分平均(1.09±0.63)分;常住农村、45岁以上、躯体健康状况差、心理健康状况不好、睡眠质量差的人群倾向于选择消极的应对方式;男性、已婚、受教育年限在7年以上、有医疗保障人群的倾向于选择积极的应对方式。结论:城乡、性别、年龄、婚姻状况、受教育年限、医疗付费方式、身心健康状况及睡眠质量可能是应对方式的影响因素。建议多关注农村居住、女性、中老年人、低受教育程度等特征的重点人群。

Objective:To investigate the coping styles and its related factors among people over 18 yeas old in Shandong province.Methods:Stratified multi-stage clustering system random sampling was used to select subjects.Totally 27913 individuals from 98 villages(neighborhood committees)of 98 streets(townships)in 54 target counties(cities,districts)were selected.A self-made questionnaire and the Simple Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ)were implemented to evaluate the general status and coping styles.Results:The mean scores of positive coping styles and negative coping styles were(1.68±0.82)and(1.09±0.63).People in rural areas,over 45 yeas old,with poor physical health and mental health,or with poor sleep quality tended to choose negative coping styles.Males,the maried,people with higher educational degree and those with health insurance tended to choose positive coping styles.Conclusion:Area,gender,age,maital status,yeas of education,mode of payment for medi­cal treatment,physical and mental health conditions and quality of sleep could be related factors of coping tenden­cy.It suggest that we should pay more attention to people living in rural aeas,women,middle-aged and elderly people,and people with lower education level.