优化吸痰方案对ICU气管切开患者护理效果及安全性分析

Analysis of the effect and safety of optimal suction therapy on ICU tracheotomy patients

目的:探讨优化吸痰方案对ICU气管切开患者护理效果及其安全性研究。方法:选取本院ICU在2018年1月至2019年3月收治的79例气管切开患者,将其随机分为观察组(n=40)和对照组(n=39),对照组给予常规的吸痰法,同时给予常规的护理措施,观察组给予浅部吸痰法结合纤维支气管优化方案,并采取综合性护理干预,对比两组护理效果,肺部感染和气管黏膜出血发生率,入住ICU时间、机械通气时间及住院时间等。结果:观察组气管黏膜出血发生率15.0%及肺部感染发生率25.0%均显著低于对照组,比较差异显著(P<0.05);观察组入住ICU时间(6.94±1.32)d、机械通气时间(3.79±1.21)d、住院时间(14.62±2.11)d均短于对照组,比较差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:通过对ICU气管切开患者优化吸痰方案,结合综合性护理干预,效果显著,可缩短入住ICU时间、机械通气时间及住院时间,安全性高,减少肺部感染和气管黏膜出血发生率。

Objective:To investigate the effect and safety of optimal suction therapy on ICU tracheotomy patients.Methods:A total of 79 patients with tracheotomy who underwent ICU in our hospital from January 2018 to March 2019 were randomly divided into observation group(n=40)and control group(n=39).The suction method,while giving routine nursing measures,the observation group was given a shallow suction method combined with fiberoptic bronchial optimization program,and comprehensive nursing intervention was used to compare the two groups of nursing effects,the incidence of lung infection and tracheal mucosal bleeding,staying ICU time,mechanical ventilation time and hospital stay.Results:The incidence of tracheal mucosal hemorrhage in the observation group was 15.0%and the incidence of pulmonary infection was 25.0%,which was significantly lower than that in the control group.The difference was significant(P<0.05).The ICU time(6.94±1.32)d and mechanical ventilation time(3.79±1.21)d,hospitalization time(14.62±2.11)d were shorter than the control group,the difference was significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Through ICU tracheotomy patients to optimize the suction program,combined with comprehensive nursing intervention,the effect is significant,shorten the ICU time,mechanical ventilation time and hospital stay,high safety,reduce the incidence of lung infection and tracheal mucosal bleeding.