陈侃出使琉球“初心”意涵的语篇语义分析

A Discourse Semantic Approach to the Original Aspiration of Chen Kan’s Mission to Ryukyu

“初心”一词自唐代即多有使用,因此“不忘初心”实为传统文化的一项优秀基因。明代册封琉球正使陈侃的“初心”告白很有代表意义。从语篇语义的角度分析陈侃《使琉球录》,可知其“初心”蕴涵丰富:(1)素守清约,无事华侈——不求享乐,能坚守简单朴素的生活作风;(2)深谋远虑,不避艰险——办事精干,能圆满完成肩负的国家使命;(3)明于义利,敬待君命——注重操守,能正确对待名位与利益诱惑。陈侃写给琉球王的拒金书信,在措辞上突破了言语交际基本的礼貌准则,足见他确实是崇尚“义”而鄙弃“利”的;陈侃对“送赆”之礼的全面阐发,证实他是儒学的真正服膺者。识陈侃之“初心”,亦可以给今人不少启迪。陈侃把收受礼金视为“以君命货之”,认为有辱君命,今天的领导干部也应把受贿徇私看作在拿党纪国法交换私利,一样有辱于国家人民之嘱托。

The term“original aspiration”has been widely used since the Tang Dynasty.“Remaining true to our original aspiration”is really a good gene of traditional Chinese culture.As an envoy to Ryukyu sent by the Ming Dynasty,Chen Kan’s expression of“original aspiration”is very typical.Through analyzing Chen Kan’s Notes on Mission to Ryukyu,we can find that his“original aspiration”means a lot:(1)not seeking pleasure and sticking to a simple and plain life style;(2)thinking in depth,planning carefully and being able to fulfill the mission of the country;(3)holding fast to integrity and correctly resisting the temptation of fame and interests.