新冠肺炎流行期间学生与员工的心理健康状态

Psychological status of school students and employees during the COVID-19 epidemic

目的:了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)流行疫情期间在校学生和一般企事业员工的心理健康状态。方法:通过网络问卷,采用心理健康自评量表(SRQ-20)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)和患者健康问卷抑郁症状群量表(PHQ-9)对1482名学生和4913名员工进行应激、焦虑和抑郁反应初筛。SRQ-20总分≥8分为明显应激反应,GAD总分15分以上为重度焦虑,PHQ-9总分15~19分为中重度抑郁。结果:学生的SRQ-20、GAD-7和PHQ-9总分均高于员工(均P<0.01);有明显应激反应、重度焦虑、中重度抑郁情况的学生比例高于员工(均P<0.05)。受教育程度为本科、大专、高中的员工SRQ-20和PHQ-9总分高于博士员工,高中生的SRQ-20和PHQ-9总分高于本科生(均P<0.05)。有明确接触史和可能有接触史的学生和员工的SRQ-20、GAD-7和PHQ-9总分均高于无接触史者(均P<0.05)。结论:新冠肺炎流行期间的学生,尤其是高中生的应激、焦虑反应较强,比一般员工重;不同教育程度的员工的应激及抑郁反应不同;学生和员工在疫情期间的应激反应可能与新冠肺炎接触史有关。

Objective:To explore the mental health status of the students and employees during the COVID-19 epidemic.Methods:Totally 1482 students and 4913 employees were screened for stress(self-reporting questionnaire 20,SRQ-20),anxiety(Generalized Anxiety Disoeder-7,GAD-7)and depression responses(Patient Health Questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)by means of internet questionnaire.A SRQ-20 total score of≥8 points was defined as a significant stress response.A GAD-7 total score of 15 or more was considered severe anxiety.A PHQ-9 total score of 15 to 19 was considered moderate to severe depression.Results:The SRQ-20,GAD-7 and PHQ-9 total scores were higher in students than in employees.The proportions of students with obvious stress response,severe anxiety and moderate to severe depression were higher than those of employees(Ps<0.05).The SRQ-20 and PHQ-9 total scores were higher in employees with education level of undergraduate,junior college and senior high school than PhD employees,and the SRQ-20 and PHQ-9 total scores were higher in high school students than in undergraduate students(Ps<0.05).Additionally,the SRQ-20,GAD-7 and PHQ-9 total scores were higher in students and employees with a clear contact history and possible contact history than in those without a contact history(Ps<0.05).Conclusion:Students during the COVID-19 epidemic,especially high school students,have stronger stress and anxiety responses than general employees.Employees with different education levels have different stress and depression responses.COVID-19 contact history may be related to psychological stress reaction in students and employees.