S波段Y形馈电的极化可重构圆形贴片天线

An S-band polarization reconfigurable circular patch antenna with Y-shaped feedline

为了实时控制天线的极化方式,本文提出了极化可重构的S波段圆形贴片天线。该天线由圆形贴片、Y形馈线和2支PIN二极管组成。在圆形贴片的中心设置了接地过孔,便于给PIN二极管施加直流偏置电压。调整直接馈电和耦合馈电方式之间的相位差,控制天线上的电流分布,实现2种圆极化或线极化的工作模式。在辐射贴片和馈线之间引入2支PIN二极管作为开关,使天线分别工作在线极化(LP)、左旋圆极化(LHCP)和右旋圆极化(RHCP)模式。在圆极化模式时,该天线中心频率为2.53 GHz,10 dB回波损耗和3 dB轴比相对带宽分别为6.6%和1.2%。该天线结构简单,便于加工,在无线通信、雷达、无线能量传输等领域具有潜在的应用价值。

In order to control the polarization mode of antenna in real time,a polarization reconfigurable circular patch antenna at S-band is proposed in this paper.The antenna consists of a circular patch,a Y-shaped feedline,and two PIN diodes.An earthing via hole is made at the center of the circular patch so as to build a DC bias for the PIN diodes easily.The proposed antenna adjusts the phase difference between direct feeding and coupled feeding to control the antenna current and realize two modes:circular polarization and linear polarization.Two PIN diodes are introduced between the radiation patch and feedline as switches.The antenna works at three modes,i.e.the linear polarization(LP),left-hand circular polarization(LHCP),and right-hand circular polarization(RHCP)modes,respectively,which are generated by electrically controlling the two PIN diodes.In circular polarization mode,with a center frequency at 2.53 GHz,the measured 10 dB return loss and 3 dB axial-ratio relative bandwidth are 6.6%and 1.2%,respectively.The purposed antenna exhibits a simple structure and is easy to fabricate.It has potential values in the fields such as wireless communication,radar,wireless energy transmission,and so on.