采用改进单神经元PID控制的机床运动平台误差研究

Research on Error of Machine Tool Motion Platform Using Improved Single Neuron PID Control

机床主轴在加工零部件时,由于控制系统的不稳定性,导致机床运动平台跟踪误差较大。对此,创建了机床运动平台平面简图,推导出机床运动平台二阶微分方程式。给出了机床运动平台误差表达式,对传统PID控制方法进行改进,设计了改进单神经元PID控制方法。设置仿真参数,通过Matlab软件对机床轮廓误差和切向误差进行仿真,并比较和分析改进前与改进后的控制效果。仿真结果显示:在无干扰环境中,采用传统PID控制和改进单神经元PID控制,机床运动平台输出的轮廓误差和切向误差较小,两者控制方法相差不大;在有正弦波干扰环境中,采用传统PID控制,机床运动平台输出的轮廓误差和切向误差较大,而采用改进单神经元PID控制,机床运动平台输出的轮廓误差和切向误差较小。因此,采用改进单神经元PID控制,能够抑制正弦波对机床运动平台控制系统的干扰,自适应调节能力强,控制精度较高。

When machine tool spindle is processing parts,the instability of control system results in large tracking error of ma chine tool motion platform.In this regard,the plane sketch of the machine tool motion platform is created,and the second-order dif ferential equation of the machine tool motion platform is deduced.The error expression of machine tool motion platform is given,the traditional PID control method is improved,and the improved single neuron PID control method is designed.Setting simulation pa rameters,the contour error and tangential error of machine tool are simulated by Matlab software,and the control effect before and after improvement is compared and analyzed.The simulation results show that the contour error and tangential error of machine tool motion platform output are small when using traditional PID control and improved single neuron PID control in non-interference en vironment,and there is little difference between the two control methods.In sinusoidal disturbance environment,the contour error and tangential error of machine tool motion platform output are large when using traditional PID control,while the improved single neuron PID control is adopted.The outline error and tangential error of machine tool motion platform output are small.Therefore,the improved single neuron PID control can restrain the interference of sinusoidal wave to the control system of machine tool motion platform.It has strong adaptive adjustment ability and high control precision.